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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of asphyxia in victims of sexual asphyxiation?
What is the primary cause of asphyxia in victims of sexual asphyxiation?
- Suffocation due to drowning
- Obstruction of the airway
- Direct pressure on the chest
- Constricting force on the neck (correct)
Which of the following methods does NOT cause asphyxia as a result of pressure on the neck?
Which of the following methods does NOT cause asphyxia as a result of pressure on the neck?
- Suffocation with a plastic bag
- Hanging
- Compression of the abdomen (correct)
- Strangulation
In judicial hanging, what is a key factor in determining the outcome?
In judicial hanging, what is a key factor in determining the outcome?
- Method of applying pressure
- Presence of ligature marks
- Victim’s position at the time
- Weight of the victim’s body (correct)
What distinguishes strangulation from other methods of asphyxiation?
What distinguishes strangulation from other methods of asphyxiation?
What might misleadingly categorize a case as homicidal when it is a result of auto-erotism?
What might misleadingly categorize a case as homicidal when it is a result of auto-erotism?
What typically causes death in cases of hanging?
What typically causes death in cases of hanging?
Which type of histotoxic anoxia is caused by the failure of tissue enzyme systems due to poisoning?
Which type of histotoxic anoxia is caused by the failure of tissue enzyme systems due to poisoning?
What defines complete hanging?
What defines complete hanging?
What is a consequence of pericellular histotoxic anoxia?
What is a consequence of pericellular histotoxic anoxia?
Which of the following positions could lead to partial hanging?
Which of the following positions could lead to partial hanging?
How does metabolite histotoxic anoxia affect oxygen utilization in cells?
How does metabolite histotoxic anoxia affect oxygen utilization in cells?
What type of substance can cause extracellular histotoxic anoxia?
What type of substance can cause extracellular histotoxic anoxia?
What injury is associated with judicial hanging that can lead to death?
What injury is associated with judicial hanging that can lead to death?
What is a common cause of accidental hanging in infants?
What is a common cause of accidental hanging in infants?
Which of the following is not classified under sexual asphyxia?
Which of the following is not classified under sexual asphyxia?
In what age group is accidental hanging least common?
In what age group is accidental hanging least common?
What potential consequence may occur from a child playing with a noose while reenacting a hanging scene?
What potential consequence may occur from a child playing with a noose while reenacting a hanging scene?
Which condition describes the phenomenon of causing temporary oxygen deprivation for sexual arousal?
Which condition describes the phenomenon of causing temporary oxygen deprivation for sexual arousal?
How might a poorly designed crib lead to accidental strangulation of an infant?
How might a poorly designed crib lead to accidental strangulation of an infant?
What is the term for deaths caused by hanging that are aimed at inducing a state of sexual arousal?
What is the term for deaths caused by hanging that are aimed at inducing a state of sexual arousal?
Which adult practice could lead to accidental hanging incidents?
Which adult practice could lead to accidental hanging incidents?
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Study Notes
Accidental Hanging
- Accidental hanging can occur among infants, children, adolescents, and adults but is rare.
- Infants may suffer from umbilical cord strangulation, leading to death during or shortly after birth.
- Poorly designed cribs can cause infants to slip and strangle themselves.
- Children have been found to accidentally hang themselves while imitating scenes or playing.
Adolescent and Adult Cases
- Adolescents and adults may experience accidental hanging related to sexual asphyxia or autoerotic hanging.
- This phenomenon, also known as asphyxiophilia or hypoxiphilia, involves intentionally inducing temporary anoxia to enhance sexual pleasure.
- Signs of such cases may include the presence of pornographic materials and other bondage elements.
- Asphyxia may be caused by neck constriction through various means, including ligatures or direct pressure.
Judicial Hanging
- Judicial hanging involves a ligature tied around the neck, with the force of body weight applied for suspension.
- Death typically results from asphyxia, cerebral anoxia, vagal inhibition leading to cardiac arrest, or injury to the spinal cord.
- Fracture-dislocation of cervical vertebrae (C2-C4) can occur, especially in cases of judicial hanging.
Mechanisms of Asphyxia
- Asphyxia in hanging is primarily due to the inability of cells to utilize oxygen, despite adequate blood flow (histotoxic anoxia).
- Various classifications of histotoxic anoxia exist, including:
- Extracellular: Due to tissue enzyme failure from poisoning (e.g., cyanide).
- Pericellular: Reduced cell membrane permeability due to anesthetic agents.
- Substrate: Inefficient metabolism from low blood sugar levels.
- Metabolite: Accumulation of cellular respiration byproducts.
Types of Hanging
- Complete Hanging: Body fully suspended with no part touching the ground.
- Partial Hanging: Parts of the body, like feet, may still touch the ground, allowing for different positions (sitting, lying, kneeling).
- Typical Hanging: Ligature knot located at the back of the neck.
Key Terms
- Asphyxia: Lack of oxygen leading to suffocation.
- Cerebral Anoxia: Inadequate oxygen supply to the brain.
- Vagal Inhibition: Reflex response causing a drop in heart rate and blood pressure, potentially leading to cardiac arrest.
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