AS-Level Biology: Measles Pathogen and Transmission

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What type of pathogen causes measles?

Virus (correct)

Bacteria

Fungus

Parasite

Which of the following is a method of transmission for measles?

Body fluids

Airborne droplets (correct)

Sexual contact

Foodborne

What is the incubation period for measles?

2-5 days

8-14 days (correct)

15-20 days

30-40 days

Which of the following are clinical features of measles?

Rashes and fever Signup and view all the answers

What is the main method of prevention for measles?

Vaccination Signup and view all the answers

How does penicillin work as an antibiotic?

Interferes with cell wall synthesis in bacteria Signup and view all the answers

How do T-lymphocytes contribute to the immune response?

By coating bacteria, making it easier for phagocytes to ingest them Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity is gained by being infected or receiving antibodies from breast milk?

Natural immunity Signup and view all the answers

What do vaccines contain?

Antigens Signup and view all the answers

Which cells divide into memory cells or secrete cytokines that stimulate B cells to divide?

Helper T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of action of killer T cells?

Secreting toxic substances to kill body cells Signup and view all the answers

Where do mature T cells circulate as helpers or killers?

In the thymus Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason for the success of eradicating smallpox?

Infected people being hard to identify Signup and view all the answers

What is the main method by which monoclonal antibodies (MABS) are produced?

Fusing plasma cells harvested from a mouse with cancer cells Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of vaccines that made them easy to administer during the smallpox eradication?

Vaccine being freeze-dried and heat-stable Signup and view all the answers

Why is herd immunity important in vaccination programs?

To interrupt transmission of diseases within a population Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves pathogens hiding in body cells or host proteins?

Antigenic concealment Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of teens in the success of eradicating smallpox?

Teens were enthusiastic vaccinators and suppliers of information Signup and view all the answers