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What is the primary purpose of art in pre-colonial Philippines?
Which of the following describes the characteristic of Islamic art?
What type of balance is achieved through a line of symmetry dividing an object in half?
Which function of art focuses on its ability to record history?
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What element is key to creating radial symmetry in art?
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Which factor does NOT influence art styles according to the listed factors?
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Which term describes the balance where the left and right sides are not identical but still display even distribution?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of art listed in the content?
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What role did art serve during the Spanish Era in the Philippines?
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Which era saw the integration of commercial and advertising arts into the fine arts curriculum?
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What was emphasized during the Japanese Era in Philippine art?
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What significant event marked the beginning of the Modern Era in Philippine Art?
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Which theme did writers and artists focus on during the Modern Era?
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What was a significant characteristic of Philippine Contemporary Art?
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What does the term 'contemporary' refer to in the context of art?
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What is the primary function of harmony in art compositions?
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Which of the following best describes formal balance in art?
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Why do people engage in art according to the principles discussed?
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What technique can be used to achieve rhythm in art?
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What does proportion refer to in art?
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In which way is emphasis typically achieved in a design?
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What is a characteristic of ethnic dances?
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Which of the following is an example of informal balance in art?
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What do visual arts rely on primarily?
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What does the term 'Kaamulan' signify in relation to the Binukid culture?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Mangyan people?
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What is the purpose of the 'Kulpi' ritual in the Ifugao culture?
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What type of clothing do the male Mangyans typically wear?
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The Surat Mangyan writing system is believed to have originated from which culture?
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What defines graphic arts?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a type of folk song?
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What is an example of plastic arts?
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Which statement about ethnic traditions is accurate?
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What is the primary role depicted in the Banga dance?
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Which of the following describes audio visual arts?
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Which type of art is primarily expressed through spoken word?
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What is a defining characteristic of folk narratives?
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Study Notes
Arts through the Ages
- Art in the Spanish era was heavily influenced by the Catholic faith.
- American colonial influence brought commercial and advertising art into the Filipino curriculum, with a preference for idyllic scenery and secular art.
- Japanese influence favored indigenous art and traditions due to their propaganda of Asia belonging to Asians.
- Modern Philippine Art emerged after World War II, focusing on the question of national identity.
- Philippine contemporary art was heavily influenced by social realism, stemming from the Martial Law period.
Principles of Art
- Artists create for various reasons:
- To earn money
- To express emotions and thoughts
- To create beautiful things
- To achieve self-actualization
- To immortalize themselves
- To inform
- To persuade
- To entertain
Functions of Art
- Art serves several functions:
- Personal or individual
- Social
- Economic
- Political
- Historical
- Cultural
- Religious
- Physical
- Aesthetic
Art Styles and Factors Affecting Style
- Factors that influence art style:
- Geographic
- Historical
- Social
- Ideational
- Psychological
- Technical
Principles of Art: Harmony, Balance, Rhythm, Proportion, and Emphasis
- Harmony (Unity): Achieved when all elements of a composition come together to form a coherent whole.
- Balance: Stability produced by even distribution of weight.
- Formal Balance: Weights at equal distance from the center are equal. Includes:
- Mirror/Bilateral Symmetry: A center line divides an object in half, with one side mirroring the other.
- Radial Symmetry: Objects radiate from a central point, with multiple lines of symmetry.
- Informal Balance: Weights are not identical, but still display an even distribution.
- Formal Balance: Weights at equal distance from the center are equal. Includes:
- Rhythm: Continuous use of a motif or repetitive pattern.
- Achieved through methods of:
- Alternation
- Radiation
- Progression
- Parallelism
- Achieved through methods of:
- Proportion: Comparative relationship of parts to the whole, creating a pleasing relationship between objects.
- Emphasis: Giving importance to one or more parts of the composition through:
- Size
- Proportion
- Shape
- Color
- Line
- Position
- Variety
Classification of Art Forms
- Visual Arts: Perceived by the eyes. Includes:
- Painting
- Sculpture
- Architecture
- Graphic Arts: Two-dimensional, flat arts with length and width (e.g., drawings, prints, illustrations).
- Plastic Arts: Three-dimensional arts with length, width, and volume (e.g., sculpture, ceramics, jewelry).
- Audio-Visual Arts: Perceived by both eyes and ears (e.g., film, video, performance art).
- Literary Arts: Presented in written format, intended to be read (e.g., poetry, prose, drama).
Ethnic Traditions (Pre-Colonial Arts)
- Ethnic Arts: For rituals or everyday use.
- Islamic Art: Characterized by geometric designs and patterns.
- Ethnic Dance: Dance forms originating from specific ethnic cultures, expressing their movement aesthetics.
- Tribal Dances: Often called ethnic dances, reflecting rituals, animals, beliefs, and nature.
- Muslim Dances: Influenced by Malay, Javanese, and Middle Eastern cultures.
- Visual Arts (Pre-Colonial Era): Pottery, weaving, wood crafting, and metal crafting were prominent.
Folk Narratives
- Stories transmitted orally from generation to generation, reflecting traditions, beliefs, and judgments.
- Myths: Explain the origin of the world.
- Folk Songs: Traditional music.
- Types based on function:
- Ballads: Narrative songs telling stories.
- Lullabies: Songs for soothing babies.
- Songs of Friendship and Conviviality: Drinking songs, humorous songs, welcoming songs.
- Love and Courtship Songs
- Ritual or Religious Songs: Used for worship or ceremonies.
- Types based on function:
Banga
- A Filipino dance demonstrating women's strength. Women carry eight pots on their heads, symbolizing their role in fetching water and carrying burdens.
Kaamulan
- A Binukid term meaning "to gather," representing festivals for weddings, thanksgiving, or other significant events.
Mangyan
- Collective term for eight indigenous groups on Mindoro island.
- Renowned for weaving, pottery, and their pre-Hispanic writing system, “Surat Mangyan.”
- Traditional attire: Men wear loincloths, while women wear shirts and skirts.
Kulpi
- An Ifugao rice planting festival ritual. Performed after rice planting to ask for protection from disease and a bountiful harvest.
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Description
Explore the rich tapestry of Philippine art history with this quiz. Discover the influences of various eras, from the Spanish period to contemporary art, and test your understanding of the principles and functions of art. Dive into how cultural changes shaped artistic expression in the Philippines.
