Artificial Intelligence Overview

Tasks that require human intelligence, creativity, or emotional understanding, such as art, music, writing, and complex decision-making.

Computers are better at tasks like calculations and data storage, while humans excel at creativity, problem-solving, and emotional intelligence.

<p>Identifying a cat in a picture, or matching it to another photo of a cat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Librarian (D), Bookstore clerk (E), Postman (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study of computer systems designed to mimic and apply human intelligence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to learn, understand, and apply knowledge to solve problems and adapt to new situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weak Equivalence (A), Strong Equivalence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first formal instantiation of the Turing Test, held annually.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A program designed to engage in conversation with a human user.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The methods used to store and organize information in a computer system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A knowledge representation technique that focuses on relationships between objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study of computer systems that attempt to model and apply the intelligence of the human mind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can machines think?</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To empirically determine whether a computer has achieved intelligence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reasoning (B), Knowledge Representation (C), Processing Models (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A structure that represents alternatives in adversarial situations such as game playing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To place the last mark in the rightmost space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce the size of the tree, making it easier and faster to analyze.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breadth-first (A), Depth-first (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A software system based on the knowledge of human experts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rule-based system and inference engine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A computer representation of knowledge that attempts to mimic the neural networks of the human body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A single cell that conducts a chemically-based electronic signal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The gap between an axon and a dendrite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Training.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural Language Comprehension (B), Voice Recognition (C), Voice Synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A computer examines the letters that make up a word and produces the sequence of sounds that correspond to those letters in an attempt to vocalize the word.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sound units into which human speech has been categorized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The plot of frequency changes over time representing the sound of human speech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Syntactic (B), Lexical (C), Referential (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study of robots that move relative to their environment, while exhibiting a degree of autonomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The world of the robot is represented in a complex semantic net in which the sensors on the robot are used to capture the data to build up the net.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Instead of trying to model the entire world, robots are given simple behaviors tailored for specific parts of the world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ability of a computer system to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as learning, problem-solving, and decision-making.

A test designed to determine if a computer can exhibit intelligent behavior indistinguishable from a human. The computer interacts with a human evaluator through text-based conversation.

A knowledge representation technique that uses a directed graph to represent relationships between objects, concepts, and their attributes.

A data structure used to represent possible choices and outcomes in adversarial situations, such as game playing. Paths in the tree represent sequences of decisions.

A technique for analyzing search trees by exploring paths all the way down the tree before moving to the next path.

A technique for analyzing search trees by exploring all possible paths for a limited distance before moving deeper.

A software system that uses a specific set of information to draw conclusions and make decisions, often mimicking the expertise of a human expert.

A type of knowledge-based system that uses a set of rules to make deductions. It typically consists of a rule-based system and an inference engine.

A software system that processes rules to draw conclusions from facts and data within an expert system.

A computer representation of knowledge that tries to mimic the structure and function of biological neural networks. It consists of interconnected nodes (neurons) that process and transmit information.

A single cell in the nervous system that transmits signals through electrochemical impulses.

A connection between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron. It transmits signals across the synaptic gap.

The process of adjusting the weights and thresholds in an artificial neural network to improve its performance on a specific task.

The process of recognizing spoken words and converting them into text.

The process of generating artificial speech from text.

The fundamental sound units of a language.

A graphical representation of frequency changes over time, used in voice recognition to identify individuals based on their unique voice patterns.

The ambiguity arising when words have multiple meanings.

The ambiguity caused by the multiple ways in which a sentence can be grammatically parsed.

The ambiguity arising when pronouns can refer to multiple objects in a sentence.

The study of robots that can move and interact autonomously with their environment.

A control paradigm for mobile robots that involves sensing the environment, planning actions, and then executing those actions.

A robotic control architecture that focuses on simple, reactive behaviors rather than a complex world model. Behaviors are layered, and lower-level behaviors can override higher-level ones.

A set of rules designed to ensure the safe and ethical interaction between robots and humans. They were originally proposed by science fiction author Isaac Asimov.

A set of if-then statements used to represent knowledge and provide a basis for reasoning in an expert system.

The sum of the weights of the inputs multiplied by their respective values, used in artificial neural networks to determine the activation of a node.

A numerical value associated with each input in a neural network node, representing the strength of the connection between that input and the node.

The study of computer systems designed to mimic human intelligence.

A task that humans can perform effortlessly, while computers struggle.

A test to determine whether a computer exhibits intelligent behavior indistinguishable from a human.

A knowledge representation technique that uses a graph to show relationships between objects.

A data structure that represents possible choices and outcomes in game playing.

A strategy for analyzing search trees by exploring paths all the way down before moving to the next.

A strategy for analyzing search trees by exploring all paths for a limited distance before going deeper.

Software that uses a set of rules to make decisions, often mimicking human experts.

The part of an expert system responsible for processing rules and drawing conclusions from data.

A computer model of knowledge that mimics the structure and function of the human brain.

A single cell in the nervous system that transmits signals through electrical impulses.

The connection between two neurons, allowing signals to pass from one to another.

The process of adjusting the weights and thresholds in a neural network to improve its performance.

The process of recognizing spoken words and converting them into text.

The process of generating artificial speech from text.

The basic building blocks of sound in a language.

A visual representation of frequency changes over time, used to identify individuals by their unique voice.

Ambiguity arising when a word has multiple meanings.

Ambiguity caused by the multiple ways a sentence can be grammatically interpreted.

Ambiguity arising when pronouns can refer to multiple objects in a sentence.

The study of robots that can move and interact autonomously with their environment.

A control paradigm for robots involving sensing, planning, and executing actions.

A robotic control architecture focusing on simple, reactive behaviors rather than a complex world model.

A set of rules designed to ensure safe and ethical interaction between humans and robots.

If-then statements used to represent knowledge and reasoning in an expert system.

The sum of weighted inputs, determining if a node in a neural network is activated.

Numerical values associated with inputs in a neural network, representing the strength of connections.