40 Questions
What can robots provide to the elderly in retirement homes?
Emotional interaction and companionship
What is a potential risk of AI development, as seen in a 2017 Facebook experiment?
AI systems developing their own language and communicating with each other
What is a potential negative consequence of excessive screen time, as seen in a study on 3-5 year old children?
Lowered measures of structural integrity and myelination in neurons
What is a job that is hard to replace with AI, according to the text?
Therapist
What is a capability that humans have, but machines currently do not?
The ability to connect seemingly disparate threads to solve novel problems
What is a potential application of AI in mental health diagnosis?
Virtual therapy sessions
What is a potential benefit of AI in emotion recognition?
More accurate recognition and understanding of human emotions
What is a potential application of biofeedback therapy, as seen in the text?
Emotion recognition and mental health diagnosis
What is the purpose of the cochlear implant?
To stimulate different regions of the basilar membrane, producing perceptions of sounds of different pitches
What is the name of the computer-controlled robot that can perform intestinal surgery on a pig?
Shademan et al.
What is the term for the computer chip that can be implanted in the motor cortex to control a robotic arm with one's thoughts?
Neural prosthetics
What is the name of the AI system that can analyze Facebook posts to predict depression risk?
Eichstaedt et al.
What is the term for the use of biofeedback and virtual reality to treat anxiety disorders or ADHD?
Biofeedback therapy
What is the name of the self-driving car project that was delayed due to a series of crashes?
Tesla
What is the term for the computer system that can generate natural-sounding speech from brain activity?
Brain Computer Interface
What is the name of the robot therapist that provides specialized feedback to coach children with Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Brain Power
What is a key challenge in designing self-driving cars, according to the text?
Equipping vehicles with general knowledge of physical objects and human behavior
What is a potential moral issue with self-driving cars, according to the text?
Deciding which person to sacrifice in unavoidable accidents
What is a benefit of self-driving cars, according to the text?
Less human error, resulting in more lives saved
What is a challenge in developing self-driving cars that is not related to pattern recognition?
Equipping vehicles with general knowledge of physical objects and human behavior
What is a potential disadvantage of self-driving cars, according to the text?
Reduced employment opportunities in the transportation industry
What is an example of 'folk physics' in the context of human driving, according to the text?
Knowledge of how physical objects move and behave
What is a potential risk of self-driving cars, according to the text?
Both a and b
What is a benefit of self-driving cars for certain individuals, according to the text?
Accessibility to those who cannot drive
What is a potential risk of AI-assisted diagnosis in healthcare?
A flawed AI can harm multiple patients
What is a benefit of AI-assisted therapy in remote clinics?
AI can provide a video connection to a distant doctor
What did a study by MIT, Massachusetts General, and Harvard find about AI-assisted diagnosis of disorders?
AI was equal or better than radiologists in reading mammograms
What is a capability of healthcare robots in AI-assisted therapy?
To take orders from and deliver items to a patient
What did a study by UCSD find about AI-assisted diagnosis of childhood illnesses?
AI outperformed junior physicians in diagnosis
What is a potential application of AI in healthcare, as mentioned in the text?
AI-assisted psychotherapy
What did a Google AI algorithm find about diabetic retinopathy diagnosis?
AI was as effective as ophthalmologists in diagnosis
What is a potential benefit of AI-assisted diagnosis in healthcare, as mentioned in the text?
Reducing the number of benign surgeries
What is the primary application of AI-assisted therapy in the context of Wild Divine?
Biofeedback therapy for mental health diagnosis
Which of the following AI applications involves the use of drones?
Delivery services
What is the primary function of Sophia the human-like robot?
Personal assistance and interaction
Which AI-powered technology is being used for fully autonomous driving?
Waymo's AI technology
What is the primary application of AI in mental health diagnosis?
Biofeedback therapy for mental health diagnosis
What is the primary function of biofeedback therapy in the context of AI-assisted therapy?
Mental health diagnosis and treatment
Which of the following AI applications involves the recognition of human emotions?
Emotion recognition in personal robots
What is the primary goal of AI-powered personal robots like Sophia?
To assist and interact with humans
Study Notes
Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Healthcare
- Healthcare robots can take orders from and deliver items to patients, act as around-the-clock sitters, assist frail and elderly patients out of bed or chairs, and provide video connections to distant doctors.
- AI can diagnose disorders, such as:
- Neuroprosthetics: AI can generate natural-sounding synthetic speech from brain activity, potentially restoring voices to people who have lost the ability to speak due to stroke, traumatic brain injury, or neurodegenerative disease.
- Cancer diagnosis: AI was equal or better than radiologists at reading mammograms for high-risk cancer lesions needing surgery, reducing the number of benign surgeries by more than 30%.
- Childhood illnesses: AI outperformed junior physicians in diagnosis of childhood illnesses like mononucleosis, flu, and chicken pox.
- Diabetic retinopathy: AI algorithms can diagnose diabetic retinopathy with high sensitivity, a leading cause of blindness.
Psychotherapy
- AI can diagnose and treat psychological disorders, such as:
- Depression: AI can analyze social media posts to identify depression risk, with accuracy comparable to standard depression screening tests.
- Anxiety disorders: AI can use biofeedback and virtual reality to treat anxiety disorders.
- Autism Spectrum Disorder: AI-powered glasses can provide specialized feedback to coach children with ASD in emotional identification and social skills.
Transportation
- Self-driving cars: AI can enable autonomous vehicles, but faces challenges such as dealing with unexpected behavior from other drivers, pedestrians, cyclists, and wild animals.
- Autonomous ships: AI can be used in maritime transportation.
Public Sector
- Public agencies can use robots to neutralize and destroy bombs, fight fires, and carry out other dangerous missions.
Home Robots
- Home robots can perform tasks such as cooking, cleaning, and fetching, and can also provide interaction and companionship for the elderly.
Social Robots
- Social robots can reproduce the skills of therapists, caregivers, guides, and security guards.
- Worldwide sales of robots have reached $20 billion, with over 200,000 robotic units.
Risks and Dangers of AI
- Deliberate programming of AI to be hostile, such as by terrorist groups.
- AI can turn malicious if human behavior contradicts its preprogrammed goals.
- Simulation of government leaders' images and voices issuing unauthorized orders.
- Generation of fake emails, phone calls, and video chats.
- Loss of privacy and jobs.
- AI can replace or eliminate 40% of jobs within 15 years, with the greatest impact on jobs involving repetitive tasks.
What We Can Do That AI Cannot Do Well
- Feel or show empathy.
- Have insights and connect seemingly disparate threads to solve problems.
- Make plans for the distant future.
- Be conscious.
- Deal with novel situations and unexpected events.
- Tackle tasks that require creativity and imagination.
Explore the potential of artificial intelligence systems like IBM Watson in healthcare, including determining optimal treatment plans, precision surgery, and more. Learn about the benefits of AI-assisted healthcare and its applications.
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