Artificial Intelligence Course Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Artificial Intelligence as described in the course?

Creating systems that lead to human obsolescence

Performing tasks that typically require human intelligence (correct)

Developing programming skills in computer science

Automating manual labor without human oversight

Which learning outcome addresses the evaluation of AI systems?

LO 1: Describe AI and its applications

LO 4: Evaluate the performance and limitations of AI systems (correct)

LO 5: Discuss social implications of AI

LO 3: Use AI tools and platforms

Which of the following is NOT covered in the course topics?

Computer Vision

Speech Recognition

Quantum Computing (correct)

Natural Language Processing

What is included in the evaluation component of the course?

Group Project and Final Exam Signup and view all the answers

Which term is NOT part of the concepts explained in the course?

Digital Marketing Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the ethical implications of AI discussed in the course?

Bias and fairness Signup and view all the answers

What is the weight of the group project in the overall evaluation of the course?

30% Signup and view all the answers

What key capability does the course emphasize regarding AI tools?

No coding skills required for application Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of neuroscientists according to the neuroscience view of intelligence?

The brain and its influence on behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a core subject of the Perceptual Reasoning Index Scale in WAIS-IV?

Arithmetic Signup and view all the answers

Which thinking process is derived from inspired knowledge?

Lateral thinking Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale's focus is on working memory?

The Working Memory Index Scale Signup and view all the answers

Which subtest is part of the Supplemental Subtest for the Verbal Comprehension Index Scale?

Comprehension Signup and view all the answers

Which component defines the science of creating intelligent machines?

Artificial Intelligence Signup and view all the answers

What is a commonly misunderstood aspect of intelligence in the content provided?

It involves the ability to manipulate knowledge Signup and view all the answers

Which subject area does NOT fall under the Working Memory Index Scale of WAIS-IV?

Symbol Search Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of cognitive science in relation to human intelligence?

Understanding how the nervous system processes information Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Weak AI?

AI designed for specific tasks without consciousness Signup and view all the answers

In what way does Greek mythology relate to concepts of human and artificial intelligence?

It illustrates the relationship and control between humans and nature. Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of intelligence evaluation according to modern psychological views?

Creativity index scale Signup and view all the answers

What transformation is AI primarily recognized for in organizations?

Enhancing process efficiency and decision-making Signup and view all the answers

Which of these terms is BEST associated with the concept of machine learning?

Linear regression analysis Signup and view all the answers

What ethical consideration is typically associated with the use of AI?

Potential biases in AI algorithms Signup and view all the answers

According to the learning outcomes, which topic is NOT included in the explanation of AI?

User interface design Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the Turing Test?

To differentiate between artificial and human intelligence Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT a research area of Strong AI?

Artificial neural networks Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of artificial intelligence as defined in the content?

To simulate human intelligence and problem-solving abilities Signup and view all the answers

In the Chinese Room thought experiment, what does the computer simulate?

Basic translation ability Signup and view all the answers

Who is identified as one of the founding fathers of Artificial Intelligence?

McCarthy et al. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes weak AI from strong AI?

Strong AI aims to replicate human-like thinking and conscious behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a modern application of AI?

Electronic traffic law enforcement Signup and view all the answers

What does the Turing Test evaluate in a machine?

The machine's ability to mimic human behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which notable event related to AI occurred in 1950?

The development of the Turing Test Signup and view all the answers

What role do evolutionary computing technologies play in AI?

They assist in simulating complex behaviors and optimizations Signup and view all the answers

Why do some scientists support the development of strong AI?

They advocate for machines to have conscious thought Signup and view all the answers

According to Mark Cuban, what is essential for staying relevant in the field of AI?

Learning continuously about the evolving technologies Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following practices is associated with Weak AI research?

Implementing genetic algorithms Signup and view all the answers

What role do computers play in artificial intelligence according to the content?

They mimic human thought processes through AI technology Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'machine learning' refer to in the context of artificial intelligence?

A type of programming that allows software to improve over time Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the methods mentioned that allows AI to mimic human capabilities?

Simulating human thought processes through algorithms Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Course Introduction

Course title: Introduction to Artificial Intelligence
Session: 00
Subject matter expert: Henry Lucky, S.Kom., M.Kom.

Course Description

Introduces fundamental concepts of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
AI is a field of computer science creating systems performing tasks requiring human intelligence
Details AI, its operations, capabilities, limitations, impact on education processes/outcomes
Students learn Al applications/platforms for tasks like content creation, assessment, feedback without programming/coding
Course fosters critical thinking and ethical awareness regarding AI and its educational implications

Learning Outcomes

LO 1: Describe AI, its applications, use cases, and impact on organizations
LO 2: Explain machine learning, deep learning, neural networks, natural language processing, computer vision, speech recognition
LO 3: Apply AI tools/platforms for tasks like content creation, assessment, feedback
LO 4: Evaluate AI systems/tools performance and limitations
LO 5: Discuss the ethical, social, and legal implications of AI

Topics

Session 1: Introduction to AI
Session 2: Machine Learning Fundamentals
Session 3: AI and Data
Session 4: Natural Language Processing
Session 5: Speech Recognition
Session 6: Computer Vision
Session 7: Video Processing
Session 8: Al with IoT
Session 9: Al and Robots in our Lives
Session 10: Al in Entertainment & Gaming
Session 11: AI in Society
Session 12: Al Ethics: bias and fairness
Session 13: Project Work and Presentation

Evaluation

Assignment: 20%
Group Project: 30%
Mid Exam: 25%
Final Exam: 25%

Session 01: Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

Learning Outcomes
- LO 1: Describe AI, its applications, use cases, and transformation of organizations
- LO 2: Explain machine learning, deep learning, neural networks, natural language processing, computer vision, speech recognition
- LO 5: Discuss ethical, social, and legal implications of AI

Session 1 Outline

Human intelligence in various aspects
Definition of Artificial Intelligence
Timeline of Artificial Intelligence
The Turing Test
Strong AI vs Weak AI
AI Applications

Human Intelligence

Human intelligence is a cross-disciplinary study (philosophers, natural scientists, psychologists, cognitive scientists, neuroscientists)

Greek Mythology

Hesiod's Theogony (700 B.C.) explains that the first human was created from clay (a humanoid robot)
Mythology explores man's relationship with nature and his ability to control it

Psychological View

Modern psychology evaluates intelligence in terms of mental ability, including verbal perception, memory, and manipulation speed
The current version of Webster's Adult Intelligence Scale IV assesses general intelligence (g-value) through scales like verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed

Cognitive Scientific View

An interdisciplinary scientific study to understand, interpret, and evaluate human intelligence
Focus on how the nervous system represents and transforms information
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV) is a crucial cognitive ability assessment

Cognitive Scientific View - WAIS-IV Chart

Verbal Comprehension Index
- Similarities, Vocabulary, Information, Comprehension Subtests
Perceptual Reasoning Index
- Block design, Matrix Reasoning, Visual Puzzles, Figure weights, picture completion Subtests
Working Memory Index
- Digit Span, Arithmetic, Letter-Number Sequencing Subtests
Acting Rationally
- Symbol Search, Coding, Cancellation Subtests

Neuroscience View

Neuroscientists focus on the brain and its influence on behaviour
Our brain has more than a million neurons with more than 1000 synapses on a dendritic tree
Dendritic structures facilitate effective information processing

Thinking Process

Intelligence is the overall human ability to acquire, build, develop, and manipulate knowledge (thinking process)
Three main categories:
- Logical thinking (derived knowledge)
- Lateral thinking (inspired knowledge)
- Intuitive thinking (intuition)

Definition of Artificial Intelligence

McCarthy et al., 1955: Science and engineering of making intelligent machines
Scientific understanding: Mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behaviour embodied in machines
American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI): Ability of computers/programs to mimic human thought processes (reasoning/learning)
Webster's New College Dictionary: Human-like thinking/actions/behaviors to create intelligent systems, software agents, and robots

General Definition of AI

AI is technology enabling computers/machines to simulate human intelligence, mimicking problem-solving & decision-making skills

AI Quotes

Mark Cuban (2017): "AI, deep learning, machine learning—whatever you're doing, if you don't understand it, learn it. Otherwise, you're going to be a dinosaur in 3 years."

AI Timeline

Covers key milestones in the history of AI (e.g., Turing Test, Eliza, UNIMATE, Shakey, Deep Blue, Kismet)

The Turing Test

Introduced by Alan Turing (1950)
A test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behaviour comparable to, or indistinguishable from, humans
A computer system demonstrates important human abilities (thinking and talking)

Turing Test Details

Participants seated in separate rooms, communicating via plain text channels
Judge tries to distinguish between human and machine through communication
If the judge is unable to distinguish, the machine passes

Strong AI vs Weak AI

Weak AI: System/program designs to mimic human thinking and behavior
Strong AI: Al systems that think and act like humans consciously

Weak Artificial Intelligence

Developed specifically for defined application domains
Mimics intelligence, but not consciously
Examples: Expert systems, navigation systems, and voice recognition

Strong Artificial Intelligence

Aims to replicate human intellectual abilities, even exceeding them
Examples: Logical thinking, decision-making in uncertainty, planning, learning, and natural language communication

AI Research Areas

Strong AI: Building machines with intelligence
Strong Al: Generalized rule-based and case-based systems
Strong Al: Consciousness, thoughts, self-awareness
Weak AI: Artificial neural networks (ANN), genetic algorithms (GA), fuzzy logic

Modern AI

AI becomes integrated into disciplines: cognitive science, neuroscience, biological/artificial neural networks, evolutionary computing, robotics, data mining, deep learning, computer vision, and natural language processing

AI Applications

Search engines (e.g., Google)
Chatbots (e.g., Jasper, Bard)
Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement
AI Aggregator

Case Study: Chinese Room Thought Experiment

Philosopher John Searle's experiment argues that a digital computer cannot have a mind or consciousness, even if it performs intelligent tasks
Emphasizes that merely following rules or manipulating symbols doesn't equate to true understanding

Case Study: What can AI do?

Questions to research:
- Win chess, Go, or table tennis
- Unload dishwashers
- Drive safely on highways/San Francisco streets
- Buy groceries online, develop mathematical theorems, perform surgery, translate spoken Chinese, win art competitions, write jokes, and build buildings.

References

Raymond S. T. Lee. 2020. Artificial Intelligence in Daily Life. Springer.
McCarthy et al. (2006). A proposal for the Dartmouth summer research project on Artificial intelligence.
General online resources for AI timelines and definitions

Studying That Suits You

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Description

Test your understanding of the key concepts and evaluations covered in the Artificial Intelligence course. This quiz includes questions on course focus, learning outcomes, ethical implications, and the evaluation components of the course. Challenge yourself to review the essential topics related to AI and intelligence assessments.