Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does Article 111 of the Constitution establish?
What does Article 111 of the Constitution establish?
Judicial branch
What does the term 'Judicial' refer to?
What does the term 'Judicial' refer to?
Interpreting law
Supreme Court justices serve life terms?
Supreme Court justices serve life terms?
True
What is the Supreme Court?
What is the Supreme Court?
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What does the Constitution establish regarding the Supreme Court?
What does the Constitution establish regarding the Supreme Court?
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What does Article 111 state about the judicial power of the United States?
What does Article 111 state about the judicial power of the United States?
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The Supreme Court is the only court in the judicial system?
The Supreme Court is the only court in the judicial system?
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Who has the power to establish lower courts?
Who has the power to establish lower courts?
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What has Congress created in the federal courts?
What has Congress created in the federal courts?
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All federal courts are above the Supreme Court?
All federal courts are above the Supreme Court?
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What are the two types of courts mentioned in Article 111?
What are the two types of courts mentioned in Article 111?
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Who nominates judges of the Supreme Court?
Who nominates judges of the Supreme Court?
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What does the Constitution ensure for judges and justices?
What does the Constitution ensure for judges and justices?
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How long can Supreme Court justices serve?
How long can Supreme Court justices serve?
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Which statement best describes the relationship between judges and other branches of government?
Which statement best describes the relationship between judges and other branches of government?
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What key questions about the judicial branch were left unanswered by the Constitution?
What key questions about the judicial branch were left unanswered by the Constitution?
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What powers does the Supreme Court have according to Article 111?
What powers does the Supreme Court have according to Article 111?
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Study Notes
Article 111 Overview
- Article 111 establishes the judicial branch of the United States government.
- It sets up the Supreme Court, which serves as the final authority on legal questions and leads the judicial branch.
Supreme Court Structure and Function
- Supreme Court justices are appointed for life terms, ensuring independence.
- The Supreme Court is the highest court in the land and has jurisdiction over all legal cases.
Federal Court System
- Congress has the authority to establish inferior or lower federal courts.
- A comprehensive system of federal courts operates beneath the Supreme Court.
- Federal courts are created and regulated by Congress, providing structure to the judicial system.
Appointment of Judges
- Judges of the Supreme Court and other federal judges are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate.
- This process ensures a check on the judicial branch, balancing executive and legislative powers.
Judicial Independence
- Judges can hold office during good behavior, shielded from political pressures.
- Their salaries cannot be reduced during their tenure, securing financial independence.
Legislative and Executive Interactions
- The executive and legislative branches install judges but cannot punish them for rulings.
- While Congress and the President can appoint judges, they are restricted from interfering with judicial decisions.
Unanswered Questions in Article 111
- Article 111 is the shortest constitutional article, leaving key issues unresolved, including:
- Structure of the federal court system.
- Definition of "good behavior" for judges.
- Interpretation methods for the Constitution.
Supreme Court Jurisdiction
- The Supreme Court has broad jurisdiction, extending to all cases under the Constitution, U.S. laws, and treaties.
- This jurisdiction includes significant legal and constitutional interpretation responsibilities.
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Description
This quiz explores Article 111 of the U.S. Constitution, which establishes the judicial branch, including the Supreme Court. It covers the structure, function, and appointment of justices, as well as the role of federal courts. Test your knowledge about how the judicial system operates within the U.S. government.
