Art Education and Cultural Perspectives
41 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What has shaped the narrow understanding of art among some educators?

  • Diverse artistic influences from all over the world.
  • Prejudiced notions concerning race and gender. (correct)
  • Cultural appreciation of crafts and art.
  • The belief that art is subjective and personal.

Which of the following assumptions about art does the text suggest should be challenged?

  • Individual aesthetics take priority over cultural meaning. (correct)
  • Great art is produced regardless of access to materials.
  • Art exists in relation to religious beliefs.
  • Arts and crafts are perceived as equally important.

How is ethnocentrism characterized in relation to racism?

  • It is a specific form of art that celebrates local traditions.
  • It is an implicit part of racism. (correct)
  • It encourages appreciation of diverse artistic expressions.
  • It serves to unify different cultures through shared experiences.

What has been excluded from the dominant Western artistic canons?

<p>Individual artistic expressions from various cultures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text imply about teaching in art education?

<p>It should prepare students for a multicultural future. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do power dynamics play in the understanding of art, according to the text?

<p>Power dynamics may exclude the art that holds significance for different communities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must art educators confront to improve the curriculum?

<p>Their own fears and biases around racism and prejudice. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the most naive form of ethnocentrism?

<p>Phenomenal absolutism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Sumner characterize a group exhibiting ethnocentric behavior?

<p>As centered around their own group and rating others based on it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do ethnocentric attitudes often regard other cultures as?

<p>Incorrect, inferior, or immoral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did recent letters in Art Education suggest about color relationships?

<p>They should be universally accepted. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher's views reflect a universalistic definition of man during the European Enlightenment?

<p>An unnamed philosopher (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'egocentrism' relate to in comparison to ethnocentrism?

<p>Focus on individual experiences similar to cultural values (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements exemplifies ethnocentrism?

<p>Artists should be judged based on their cultural background. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic describes an ethnocentric individual's worldview?

<p>Insistence on the superiority of their own culture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Sumner, what kind of pride do ethnocentric groups typically exhibit?

<p>Pride and superiority (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary goal of art education as mentioned?

<p>To ensure cultural respect and recognition in the classroom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can art students contribute to the classroom environment?

<p>By sharing their cultural art and knowledge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which publication first addressed cultural pluralism in art education?

<p>The National Art Education Association Journals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influenced the early multicultural approaches to art education in the United States?

<p>The Seminar in Art Education at Pennsylvania State University (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is noted for their contributions to multiculturalism in art education from the 1965 seminar?

<p>June King McFee (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a common belief about non-white individuals regarding their contributions to civilization?

<p>They were seen as lacking ingenuity and contributions to civilization. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the early classification of races, including a hierarchy that included an animal-like category?

<p>Linnaeus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stereotype was commonly associated with black people according to early European literature?

<p>Brutish and ignorant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group was NOT mentioned as being subject to scrutiny regarding their intellectual capabilities?

<p>European males (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact did racial craniometry have on art education?

<p>It promoted the notion of racial superiority. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was emphasized as a determining factor for philosophical classification?

<p>Race (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects the attitude of the time towards women and people of color?

<p>They were often deemed less capable of contributing intellectually. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which period did the Western study of aesthetics begin?

<p>The European Enlightenment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributed to the judgment of non-whites regarding their philosophy and way of life?

<p>The lack of perceived intellectual capabilities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way were women also characterized by the dominant European males' perspectives?

<p>As having lesser intellectual capabilities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of Zerffi's influential work on art history?

<p>Manual of the Historical Development of Art (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the manual dedicated to by Zerffi?

<p>Edwin J. Poynter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of art does Zerffi's analysis in his manual address?

<p>Ethnology and its bearing on art (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What belief influenced Zerffi's views on art?

<p>Natural inequality among human beings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Victorian racial attitudes affect discussions of race, according to the content?

<p>They often mixed observations from travelers with common prejudices. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Marsden suggest about the essence of racism?

<p>It assigns social significance to physical attributes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What misleading type of scientific inquiry did Zerffi cite?

<p>Dubious studies about brain size and facial angles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What character trait did Zerffi attribute to 'the Negro' in his comments?

<p>Slowness of temperament (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is identified as a source of Zerffi's racial perspectives on art?

<p>Sociocultural habits of the Victorian era (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Victorian era influence the authority of racial observations?

<p>It provided more coherent and authoritative observations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Eurocentric Bias

The belief that European art is superior and should be the primary focus in art education.

Western Art Canons

A set of accepted standards for 'good' art, heavily influenced by European traditions and often excluding other cultures.

Ethnocentrism in Art

The belief that our own culture's art is better than others, leading to an exclusion of diverse perspectives.

Formalist Aesthetics

An approach to art appreciation that focuses on the technical aspects, like composition and form, rather than cultural context.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Individual Genius

The idea that great art is created by individual, exceptional artists, overlooking collective contributions and cultural influences.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Multicultural Art Education

Teaching art that values and incorporates perspectives from diverse cultures, fostering understanding and inclusivity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Art as Culture-Bound

The understanding that art is deeply connected to its cultural context and carries meaning beyond just its aesthetic qualities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Zerffi's Impact

Zerffi's Manual of the Historical Development of Art significantly influenced art education. He supported the traditional view of art history, emphasizing classical Greece and Rome.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Poynter's Influence

Edwin J. Poynter, director of the Art Training School, emphasized classical art, promoting a tradition that valued Italian Renaissance to 18th century art.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Craniometric Analysis

Zerffi used craniometry, measuring skull size, to support his ideas about art and different races.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Victorian Racial Attitudes

Victorian society held beliefs in the innate inequality of people based on race, and made broad generalizations about different ethnic groups.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Racism in Art

Zerffi's views, which assigned social value based on physical attributes, are considered racist by modern scholars.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Scientific Bias

Zerffi's conclusions about race were not based on scientific evidence, but rather on the prevailing social biases of his time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Everyday Prejudice

Victorian ideas about race were ingrained in everyday life, appearing in travel accounts, newspapers, and scientific discussions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthropological Societies

The rise of anthropological societies in the late 19th century, instead of challenging racial biases, often gave them more authority.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dubious Studies

Zerffi cited studies on brain size and facial features to support his views on race, but these studies were scientifically unreliable.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Zerffi's View of 'The Negro'

Zerffi's writings reflected racist stereotypes, portraying African people as intellectually inferior, limited in creativity, and solely capable of basic ornamentation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ethnocentrism

The belief that your own culture's values and practices are superior to others, leading to judgments and biases.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Phenomenal Absolutism

The most basic form of ethnocentrism where one believes their own culture's values are the ONLY objective reality.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sumner's Definition of Ethnocentrism

Ethnocentrism is a view where your own group is the center, and other groups are judged and ranked based on how they compare to yours.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Formalist Aesthetics and Ethnocentrism

Formalism, focused on the technical aspects of art, can be ethnocentric if it ignores the cultural context of works, suggesting universal standards for artistic value.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Art Education and Ethnocentric Views

Examples of ethnocentric views in art education include promoting Western art as superior and neglecting diverse cultural perspectives.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Universalism vs. Ethnocentrism

The Enlightenment concept of universal human characteristics clashes with ethnocentric biases that categorize people based on superficial traits like race.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Racism and Ethnocentric Bias

Ethnocentric biases can lead to racism, where superiority assumptions result in discrimination and prejudice based on race.

Signup and view all the flashcards

The Problem with 'Trick' in Art Teaching

Suggesting that teaching art should be about overlooking cultural context to focus on the artist's work can be ethnocentric.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ethnocentrism in Art Education: Key Point

Ethnocentric perspectives in art education can limit understanding, appreciation, and inclusivity of diverse artistic traditions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Craniometry

The practice of measuring skulls to determine intelligence and racial superiority. This was used to reinforce prejudices against non-European people, suggesting they were less intelligent based on skull size.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Linnaeus's Classification

Linnaeus classified humans into different races, ranking them in a hierarchy from 'wildman' to European, perpetuating the idea that Europeans were superior.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hume's Argument

David Hume argued that non-white peoples lacked the intelligence to create civilizations or contribute to the arts due to inherent inferiority.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Art & 'Proper Intellectual Equipment'

The belief that non-white people were inherently intellectually inferior, making them incapable of producing art, was a dominant idea in the 18th century.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stereotyped 'Black' Attributes

Books like A History of Jamaica used derogatory stereotypes about black people – brutish, ignorant, etc. – to justify their exclusion from the art world.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Western Aesthetic Standards

European values became dominant in defining 'good' art, excluding non-European cultures and furthering a Eurocentric bias in art education.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Art vs. Craft

Hierarchical distinctions were made between 'high' art (European) and 'low' craft (non-European), further justifying the exclusion of non-European art from the education system.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Elitist Aesthetic Theory

The belief that only a select few (often wealthy Europeans) were capable of understanding and appreciating 'true' art, reinforcing the idea that art education should focus on a narrow European canon.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Influence on Art Education

Prejudiced ideas about race were deeply embedded in the history of art education, influencing which artists were studied and how their work was interpreted.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cultural Pluralism in Art

Recognizing and respecting the diverse cultural influences present in art education. This involves acknowledging the arts of various cultures and valuing their unique perspectives.

Signup and view all the flashcards

McFee's Contribution

June King McFee's work in 1966 significantly influenced the development of multiculturalism in art education, advocating for the inclusion of diverse cultural perspectives.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Grigsby's Impact

Eugene Grigsby's book, "Art and Ethnics" (1977), highlighted the importance of addressing cultural bias in art education and furthered the conversation about multiculturalism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Student-Teacher Collaboration

In multicultural classrooms, students can teach their teachers about the arts of their own cultures, creating a dynamic learning environment where both learners and teachers grow.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Community Involvement

Encouraging parents and community members to participate in classroom activities as experts and resources to foster a more inclusive and culturally rich learning experience.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Ethno- and Egocentrism in Art Curriculum

  • Elitist and prejudiced assumptions about art originate in biased understandings of race and gender, primarily portraying European male artists as the sole producers of great art. These viewpoints are rooted in Eurocentric notions.
  • Eurocentric male-dominated theories and social orderings (both biblical and pseudoscientific) significantly shaped, and continue to affect, art education.
  • Art education exhibits ethnocentrism in its curricula in North American schools, which often favor specific notions of "good art" over others, perceived as Eurocentric, culture-bound, elitist, and racist.
  • Art curricula often exclude works and perspectives of various cultures. Art educators must address these biases in order to move toward a more inclusive multicultural curriculum.
  • Power structures often marginalize differing art forms, distorting the perception of artistic value. Power imbalances in art education promote a hierarchy based on certain cultures and traditions.
  • Those in power use art to distinguish themselves from others, emphasizing formalist aesthetics (culture-free) to enhance their status.
  • Multicultural education is essential for students' future development, demanding curricula that celebrate diverse artistic traditions.
  • Western art canons promote biased assumptions. Best art being made by Europeans, oil painting, sculpture, architecture as most important forms, significant difference between art and craft, and best art being produced by men.

Culture-Bound Assumptions About Art

  • Dominant Western art canons assume the best art is produced by Europeans, predominantly focusing on oil painting, sculpture, and architecture.
  • A hierarchical distinction exists between art and craft.
  • Art is perceived as being created by individual geniuses.
  • Judgments about art focus on elements like arrangement of lines, colors, shapes, textures, realism, proportion, media use, and expressiveness according to pre-conceived standards.
  • Sociocultural meaning is considered secondary to aesthetic responses.

Ethnocentrism

  • Ethnocentrism (judging other cultures based on one's own culture) is implicit in racism. It involves viewing one's culture as superior, often associated with power, wealth, leisure, and white males.
  • In the past, art educators have held ethnocentric views, viewing their own art as more worthwhile than others. This contributes to culturally biased curricula.

Racism and Art

  • Nineteenth-century art educational thought (like that of Zerffi) demonstrated racist biases, particularly in defining art forms produced by non-white races as inferior.
  • The concept of "racial inferiority" and "cultural inferiority" were common throughout nineteenth and early twentieth-century art education thinking and practice. These biased perspectives lead to exclusion and devaluation of non-white and female artists.

Cultural Contexts in Art Education

  • Diverse cultural contexts must be respected when teaching art historically and contemporaneously.
  • Understanding different cultural values, artistic traditions, and perspectives is crucial for inclusivity, appreciation of diverse arts, and fair evaluation of art works.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Celebrating Pluralism: Ethno- and Egocentrism in Art Curriculum PDF

Description

This quiz delves into the challenges and assumptions surrounding art education. It examines how ethnocentrism and power dynamics influence the understanding of art, while also questioning the dominant Western artistic canons. Art educators are urged to rethink their approaches to create a more inclusive curriculum.

More Like This

Importance of Art Education Quiz
10 questions

Importance of Art Education Quiz

SecureCedar avatar
SecureCedar
Art Education Concepts and Techniques
13 questions

Art Education Concepts and Techniques

StatelyComposite avatar
StatelyComposite
Art Education in the Philippines
15 questions

Quiz & Flashcards on Issues in Philippine Art Education

PunctualSpinel avatar
PunctualSpinel
Ethnocentrism in Art Education
41 questions

Ethnocentrism in Art Education

SaintlyNovaculite1559 avatar
SaintlyNovaculite1559
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser