Arrhythmias Originating in the Ventricles
72 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the typical morphology of a QRS complex in a Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)?

  • Less than 0.12 seconds and normal
  • Equal to 0.12 seconds and irregular
  • More than 0.12 seconds and bizarre (correct)
  • Variable and dependent on the underlying rhythm

    • Which of the following is a characteristic of a benign Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)?

  • More than six PVCs per minute
  • Multifocal PVCs
  • None of the above (correct)
  • Associated chest pain

    • What is the primary reason why frequent PVCs can reduce cardiac output?

  • Increased sympathetic tone
  • Myocardial ischemia
  • Decreased ventricular filling (correct)
  • Electrolyte imbalances

    • According to the Lown grading system, what is the highest grade of ectopy?

    <p>Grade 5: R on T phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment of choice for perfusing ventricular tachycardia (VT) that is not accompanied by hypotension or signs of shock?

    <p>Adenosine administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical rate of ventricular tachycardia (VT)?

    <p>100-250 beats per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between monomorphic and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia?

    <p>Morphology of the QRS complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of ventricular tachycardia (VT)?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of treatment for ventricular tachycardia (VT)?

    <p>Improving coronary artery perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical PR interval in a Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)?

    <p>None, as there is no P wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a ventricular escape rhythm?

    <p>It is usually regular unless the pacemaker site is low in the ventricular conductive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for ventricular escape rhythm?

    <p>Treating the underlying cause, such as hypovolemia or hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIVR)?

    <p>A subtype of ventricular escape rhythm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a premature ventricular contraction (PVC)?

    <p>It occurs earlier than the next expected beat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a pattern of group beating where every other beat is a PVC?

    <p>Bigeminy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the R on T phenomenon?

    <p>A PVC that occurs during the relative refractory period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cause of PVCs?

    <p>Myocardial ischemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for two consecutive PVCs without a normal complex between?

    <p>Couplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a ventricular escape rhythm?

    <p>It is a safety mechanism that should not be suppressed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for a ventricular escape rhythm with signs of poor perfusion?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of torsades de pointes?

    <p>The use of certain antiarrhythmic medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical morphology of the QRS in torsades de pointes?

    <p>Wide and changing in size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual RR interval pattern in torsades de pointes?

    <p>Irregularly irregular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective treatment for torsades de pointes?

    <p>1 to 2 g of magnesium sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual outcome of ventricular fibrillation?

    <p>Cardiac arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual cause of asystole?

    <p>Massive MI, ischemia, and necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical electrical activity pattern in asystole?

    <p>No electrical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prognosis for resuscitation in asystole?

    <p>Poor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical rate of ventricular fibrillation?

    <p>No organized rhythm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary asystole?

    <p>Presence or absence of P waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hypercalcemia on the repolarization phase of the cardiac cycle?

    <p>Shortens it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of digitalis on the PR interval?

    <p>Prolongs it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic ECG change associated with hypothermia?

    <p>Osborn wave or J wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hypocalcemia on the QT interval?

    <p>Prolongs it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of digitalis on the force of cardiac contraction?

    <p>Increases it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concomitant effect of hypercalcemia and digitalis on the ECG?

    <p>Detrimental effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ventricular escape rhythms?

    <p>To prevent cardiac standstill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of QRS complexes in arrhythmias originating in the ventricles?

    <p>Duration of 0.12 seconds or more</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical discharge rate of ventricular pacemakers?

    <p>15-40 beats per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of ventricular arrhythmias?

    <p>Cardiac structure abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rate of a ventricular escape rhythm?

    <p>15-40 beats per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of ventricular escape complexes in lead II monitoring?

    <p>They are frequently seen following successful defibrillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of interrogating a pacemaker?

    <p>To adjust the power level and other essential parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of applying a magnet over the pulse generator of a pacemaker?

    <p>It inhibits all sensing and sets the pacemaker to a predetermined rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of pulseless electrical activity (PEA)?

    <p>Any of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment for pulseless electrical activity (PEA)?

    <p>Administer epinephrine 1 mg every 3 to 5 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a single supraventricular beat conducted through the ventricles in a delayed manner?

    <p>Aberrant conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a complete bundle branch block on an ECG?

    <p>A QRS complex longer than 0.12 second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a disorder in which all supraventricular beats are conducted through the ventricles in a delayed manner?

    <p>Bundle branch block</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a premature atrial contraction on the bundle branch?

    <p>It blocks conduction through the bundle branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical outcome of pulseless electrical activity (PEA)?

    <p>Poor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a card carried by a pacemaker patient?

    <p>To provide the pacemaker's manufacturer and model information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a demand pacemaker?

    <p>To fire only when the natural heart rate drops below a set rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the QRS complexes associated with pacemaker rhythms?

    <p>They are longer than 0.12 seconds and have a bizarre morphology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the artifact created each time the pacemaker fires?

    <p>Pacemaker spike</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of dual-chambered pacemakers in patients with marginal cardiac output?

    <p>They provide an extra atrial kick to maintain cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the problem that can occur when a pacemaker battery fails?

    <p>The pacemaker stops firing and the patient's underlying rhythm returns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition that results in a rapid discharge rate, often seen when the battery runs low?

    <p>Pacemaker runaway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the situation where a paced beat falls in the absolute or relative refractory period, precipitating ventricular fibrillation?

    <p>R-on-T phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when treating a patient with ventricular fibrillation from pacemaker failure?

    <p>Treat the patient as any other patient with ventricular fibrillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a ventricular pacemaker rhythm?

    <p>It resembles an idioventricular rhythm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to examine an unconscious patient for a pacemaker?

    <p>To identify the presence of a pacemaker and adjust management accordingly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of QRS morphology in ventricular conduction disturbances?

    <p>A notched or slurred QRS complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication of a ventricular origin of the arrhythmia?

    <p>AV dissociation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the PR interval in Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome?

    <p>A PR interval less than 0.12 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of low potassium levels on the action potential?

    <p>A decrease in Phase 3 repolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical serum potassium level in which the T wave begins to merge with the QRS forming a very wide QRS complex?

    <p>8.0 mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for treating patients as if they have ventricular tachycardia (VT)?

    <p>Because VT is more lethal than supraventricular tachycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the conduction pathway that bypasses the AV node in Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome?

    <p>The bundle of Kent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical ECG change associated with hyperkalemia as potassium levels approach 7.0 mEq/L?

    <p>A peaked T wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition associated with a high incidence of tachyarrhythmias in Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment of choice for unstable patients with wide complex tachycardias?

    <p>Cardioversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Classification of Arrhythmias
    58 questions

    Classification of Arrhythmias

    QuickerDatePalm avatar
    QuickerDatePalm
    Classification of Arrhythmias
    44 questions

    Classification of Arrhythmias

    QuickerDatePalm avatar
    QuickerDatePalm
    Cardiology Flashcards on Arrhythmias
    57 questions

    Cardiology Flashcards on Arrhythmias

    PatientYttrium avatar
    PatientYttrium
    Disopyramide (Norpace®) Overview
    10 questions

    Disopyramide (Norpace®) Overview

    LightHeartedCerberus avatar
    LightHeartedCerberus
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser