Classification of Arrhythmias

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Questions and Answers

Which vital organs can be affected by arrhythmias?

  • Brain (correct)
  • Liver
  • Lungs
  • Kidneys

What is the main factor used to classify arrhythmias?

  • Size of the heart
  • Heart rate
  • Blood pressure levels
  • Origin of the abnormal electrical activity (correct)

In which part of the heart are supraventricular arrhythmias initiated?

  • Purkinje fibers
  • Sinoatrial node
  • Atrioventricular node (correct)
  • Bundle of His

What is the first step in treating patients with palpitations?

<p>Making a specific diagnosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of arrhythmia involves a wide variety of rhythm disturbances above the Bundle of His?

<p>Atrial fibrillation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strategies are commonly used for treating patients with supraventricular arrhythmias?

<p><em>Controlling the ventricular rate</em> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary cause of sudden cardiac death?

<p>Ventricular fibrillation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT recognized as a cause of susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation?

<p>High levels of potassium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major goal of clinical arrhythmia management?

<p>Managing ventricular fibrillation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classic physical examination finding for arrhythmias' effects on cardiac output?

<p>Hypotension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antiarrhythmic drug therapy should NOT be used in patients with structural heart disease?

<p>Sotalol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best approach for radiofrequency ablation according to the text?

<p>Experienced electrophysiologist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of ventricular fibrillation?

<p><strong>Loss of consciousness</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which initiative aims to improve ventricular fibrillation survival rates?

<p><strong>Mission: Lifeline</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'The susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation is markedly increased by myocardial ischemia or infarction' implies that:

<p><strong>Myocardial ischemia leads to increased risk of ventricular fibrillation</strong>. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Treatment options for VT include rhythm maintenance with antiarrhythmic drug therapy' implies that:

<p><strong>Antiarrhythmic drug therapy is one of the treatment options for VT</strong>. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical heart rate range during supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)?

<p>140-220 beats per minute (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common trigger for the onset of SVT?

<p>High levels of adrenaline (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the diagnosis of PSVT usually confirmed?

<p>History taking and ECG (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic abnormality is typically seen on an ECG during an episode of PSVT?

<p>Delta waves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ventricular arrhythmia can occur in the context of a prolonged QT interval?

<p>Torsades des pointes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common trigger for torsades des pointes?

<p>Erythromycin intake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common site for re-entry circuits resulting in ventricular tachycardia (VT)?

<p>Left ventricle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT)?

<p>Lasting more than 30 seconds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary event in the occurrence of atrial flutter?

<p>Single abnormal atrial focus or a micro re-entry circuit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by more electrical activity in the right atrium?

<p>Atrial flutter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of atrial flutter in patients with a history of rheumatic fever?

<p>Structural heart disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is considered standard to detect atrial fibrillation, even if it is not present all the time?

<p>Electrocardiogram (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of atrial fibrillation in elderly people?

<p>Increased incidence of coronary artery disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can contrite to rhythm control failure once atrial fibrillation is present?

<p>Alcohol abuse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic method is effective for diagnosing atrial fibrillation?

<p>Regular pulse checks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Atrial flutter is characterized by what type of beating pattern in the heart?

<p>100-200 times per minute (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which health condition can lead to heart failure by causing the heart muscle to weaken over time?

<p>Atrial Flutter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abnormally fast heart rhythm resulting from improper electrical activity in the upper part of the heart called?

<p>Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal response to a witnessed sudden collapse with no palpable pulse?

<p>Chest compressions and defibrillation without pausing for auxiliary CPR (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of patients with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) have no known heart disease?

<p>Class III (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of treatment for PVCs?

<p>Treating underlying heart disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can increase the risk of heart disease in patients with increased PVC frequency?

<p>High adrenaline levels due to exercise or stress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly used medication to suppress PVCs?

<p>Lidocaine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which group of patients do most individuals with PVCs not require any treatment?

<p>Those with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic arrhythmias (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for PVCs in patients with structurally normal hearts and significant symptoms?

<p>&quot;Medication or ablation&quot; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT typically used to confirm the diagnosis of PSVT?

<p>&quot;Stress test&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of atrial fibrillation in elderly people?

<p>&quot;Aging&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle change should be advised to reduce sympathetic activity in patients with PVCs?

<p>Stress reduction techniques (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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