Arrays in C

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Questions and Answers

What characteristic defines an array?

Elements are referenced by different names.
Elements can be of different data types.
Elements are stored in a non-contiguous memory location.
Elements are of the same data type and are referenced by a common name. (correct)

Which of the following is the correct syntax for declaring a one-dimensional array?

`datatype array_name[size];` (correct)
`array_name datatype[size];`
`array_name[size] datatype;`
`datatype array_name(size);`

Given the declaration `int arr[5];`, which of the following is the correct way to initialize the array with values 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5?

`int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};`
`arr = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};`
`arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};`
`int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};` (correct)

Consider the following C code snippet: `int numbers[3] = {10, 20, 30}; printf("%d", numbers[3]);` What will be the output of this code, and why?

A garbage value or an error, because it's accessing an element out of bounds. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct way to declare a two-dimensional array?

<code>datatype array_name[row, col];</code> (C) Signup and view all the answers

Given `int matrix[2][3] = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}};`, what is the value of `matrix[1][0]`?

4 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is dynamic memory allocation important for arrays?

It enables resizing arrays during runtime based on the program's needs. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which function is used for dynamic memory allocation in C?

<code>malloc()</code> (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the `free()` function in C?

To release dynamically allocated memory back to the system. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a pointer?

A variable that stores the memory address of another variable. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following advantages is associated with using pointers in programming?

Pointers allow for variables to be swapped without physically moving them in memory. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct syntax for declaring a pointer variable in C?

<code>datatype *pointer_name;</code> (C) Signup and view all the answers

Given `int num = 10;` and `int ptr = &num;`, what is the meaning of `ptr`?

The value stored in <code>num</code>. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In pointer arithmetic, if `ptr` is a pointer to an integer and its current value is 1000, what will be its value after `ptr++;`?

1004 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following arithmetic operations is NOT allowed on pointers?

Multiplication by a floating-point number. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a function?

To organize code into reusable blocks that perform specific tasks. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a pre-defined function?

<code>sqrt()</code> (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a user-defined function from a pre-defined function?

User-defined functions can be modified by the user, while pre-defined functions cannot. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using user-defined functions?

Automatic increase in program execution speed. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is essential in a user-defined function?

Function declaration, definition, and call. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the general syntax of a function in C?

<code>datatype function_name (parameters list) { body }</code> (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a function is called in a program?

The control is transferred to the called function, and the calling function is temporarily stopped. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of functions, what is an 'actual parameter'?

A parameter passed from the calling function to the called function. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the `return` statement in a function?

To send a value from the called function back to the calling function. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which function prototype describes a function with no arguments and no return values?

<code>void func();</code> (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of data communication occurs in a function with arguments and no return values?

One-way data communication from calling function to called function (B) Signup and view all the answers

In a function with arguments and a return value, what type of data communication takes place?

Two-way data communication (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which function prototype describes a function with no arguments but with a return value?

<code>int func();</code> (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is 'call by value' regarding function parameter passing?

Passing a copy of the variable's value to the function. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of using 'call by value' in a function?

Changes to the formal argument do not affect the actual argument. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In 'call by reference', what is passed to the function?

The address of the variable. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key outcome of using 'call by reference'?

Changes to the formal argument affect the actual argument. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is recursion?

A process where a function calls itself. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition does a recursive function stop calling itself?

When a specific condition is satisfied. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of a library function?

It is a pre-defined function. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a library function used for finding the square root of a number?

<code>sqrt()</code> (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which library function is used to find the absolute value of a number?

<code>abs()</code> (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the `ceil()` library function?

To find the smallest integer greater than or equal to a number (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is an Array?

A collection of elements of the same data type, referenced by a common name.

What is a One-Dimensional Array?

An array with elements accessed using a single index.