One-Dimensional Arrays in Programming

One-Dimensional Array

• A one-dimensional array is a single variable that stores multiple elements of the same data type.
• The general declaration of a one-dimensional array is: dataType arrayName[arraySize];
• Each element in an array is called an element, and they are all of the same type, with only the values varying.

Initializing Array Elements

• Array elements can be initialized in several ways, including:
  • Assigning a value to the first element of an array: age = 18;
  • Assigning a value to the last element of an array: age = 19;
  • Assigning values to all elements of an array: age = { 18, 17, 18, 19, 20, 17, 18, 16, 19 };
  • Using an initialization list: int x[] = { 12, 3, 5, 0, 11, 7, 30, 100, 22 };

Accessing Array Elements

• Array elements can be accessed using the array name followed by brackets [] containing the array index.
• The array index is a variable or constant that specifies the element to be accessed.
• Examples of accessing array elements include:
  • Assigning the first element of an array to a variable: x = num[0];
  • Printing the second element of an array: cout << num[1];
  • Using a loop to access array elements: for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { ... }
  • Taking input from the user and inserting it into the ith index of an array: cin >> mark[i-1];

Example Program

• A C++ program to read a 1-D array and print it:

#include 

int main() {
  int numbers[] = {7, 5, 6, 12, 35};
  cout << numbers[0]; // prints the first element of the array
  return 0;
}

Learn about one-dimensional arrays, their declaration, and initialization in programming languages. Understand the elements and data types of arrays.