Aromatic Waters Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason why clarification is not needed for chloroform water?

Chloroform has no flavor.

Chloroform is soluble in water.

Chloroform must remain in the bottle due to its density. (correct)

Chloroform evaporates quickly.

Which component of peppermint oil is primarily removed during the clarification process?

Ketones

Alcohols

Terpenes (correct)

Aldehydes

What is the purpose of preparing concentrated aromatic waters?

To simplify the clarification process. (correct)

To stabilize the aromatic waters.

To enhance the aroma without dilution.

To eliminate the need for alcohol.

What affects the stability of aromatic waters?

Exposure to extreme temperatures. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an aromatic water is exposed to strong electrolytes?

It results in salting out of volatile substances. Signup and view all the answers

What is the method used to prepare diluted aromatic water?

Diluting concentrated aromatic solution with water. Signup and view all the answers

What is the alcohol content in the diluted aromatic water after preparation?

Less than 1.5% Signup and view all the answers

What primary effect does high temperature have on aromatic waters?

It causes loss of aroma. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of aromatic waters?

They are aqueous solutions saturated with volatile substances. Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT an official method for preparing aromatic waters?

Filtration Signup and view all the answers

What is one use of aromatic waters?

As a flavoring agent for water-soluble drugs. Signup and view all the answers

Which aromatic water is commonly used for its astringent properties?

Hamamelis Water Signup and view all the answers

What is a carminative property associated with aromatic waters like peppermint and anise?

Reducing bloating and gas. Signup and view all the answers

Why are aromatic waters not therapeutically potent?

They have a very small proportion of active ingredients. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following aromatic waters is used as an eye wash?

Camphor Water Signup and view all the answers

What happens to concentrates of aromatic principles before use in the preparation of aromatic waters?

They are diluted with water. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Aromatic Water

Aromatic waters are clear, aqueous solutions saturated with volatile oils or other aromatic substances.
They are saturated solutions typically of volatile oils or similar substances dissolved in distilled water.
They are not therapeutically potent due to the low proportion of the active ingredient.

Examples of Aromatic Waters

Orange oil
Flower oil
Peppermint oil
Rose oil
Anise oil
Spearmint oil
Wintergreen oil
Camphor
Chloroform

Aromatic Water Uses

Used as intermediate solutions for manufacturing other preparations and as the liquid phase for emulsions and suspensions.
Used as a flavouring agent for administering water-soluble drugs (where taste masking is not a concern).
Odours and tastes come from the volatile substances used to prepare them.
Some aromatic waters (e.g., peppermint and anise) have carminative properties.

Topical Aromatic Water Uses

Rose Water: Perfume
Hamamelis Water (Witch Hazel): Astringent
Camphor Water: Rubefacient (dilates skin vessels), reduces skin itching, and eye wash

Preparation of Aromatic Water

Most aromatic substances have low solubility in water, even if the water is saturated.
Common methods include distillation, solution, and alternate solutions.
Concentrated aromatic principles containing alcohol or solubilizing agents are common.
Concentrates are diluted with water before use.

Chloroform Water N.F. Preparation

Prepared by a solution method.
No clarification is needed; excess chloroform should remain in the bottle.
Chloroform is heavier than water.
High chloroform volatility creates equilibrium, maintaining strength via evaporation.
The bottle should be vigorously shaken before dispensing, and only the supernatant liquid should be used.

Peppermint Water

Peppermint oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons (typically terpenes), alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, and ketones.
Terpenes are the least water-soluble components, mainly removed by filtration (clarification).
Terpeneless oils (aroma carriers) are prepared via fractional distillation or extraction; they are stronger in aroma and more soluble and stable than natural essential oils, although more expensive.

Dilution

Concentrated aromatic waters are prepared to avoid the difficulties in clarifying aromatic water.
They are designed to be diluted with purified water as needed.
Rose water can be diluted by mixing an equal volume of concentrated rose water with water.

Preparation of Concentrated Aromatic Water

An alcoholic solution (50-55% alcohol) of the essential oil is mixed with water and talc, agitated, and filtered after several hours.
Diluted aromatic water is prepared by diluting 2mL of the concentrated aromatic solution to 100mL with water. The resulting solution has less than 1.5% alcohol.

Stability of Aromatic Waters

Aromatic waters are not very stable.
Improper storage can lead to instability, with some waters supporting mold growth.
Exposure to light and temperature changes can cause characteristic loss, as well as aroma loss upon high-temperature exposure.
Temperature decreases can lead to volatile material separation, causing cloudiness.
Addition of water solutions with strong electrolytes can 'salt out' volatile substances, potentially causing a burning taste in the first dose.
Adsorption of aromatic substances by suspended matter can cause a loss of flavor when used in the external phase of dispersions.
Oxidative degradation involving dissolved atmospheric oxygen with aroma-bearing solutes can be catalyzed by light and trace metals like iron and copper.

Special Care for Aromatic Waters

Chloroform water is stored in light-resistant bottles because light catalyzes the oxidation of chloroform to the poisonous gas phosgene.
Almond water can deposit benzoic acid crystals due to benzaldehyde auto-oxidation.
Waters prepared aseptically with recently boiled, filtered purified water in sterilized, resistant glass containers remain stable for a year.

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Description

This quiz explores aromatic waters, clear solutions saturated with volatile oils. Learn about examples, uses in manufacturing and flavoring, and topical applications of various aromatic waters. Test your knowledge on this fascinating topic related to herbal and aromatic substances.