Benzene Quiz: Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Structure

What is the molecular formula of benzene?

Which type of reaction does benzene readily undergo?

What is the common product obtained when benzene undergoes mono-substitution?

Which type of reaction does benzene undergo when treated with reagent KMNO4/H2O?

In Kekule structure, what is benzene considered as?

Which type of substitution reaction does benzene readily undergo?

Which type of reaction involves the substitution of an acetyl or acyl group for a hydrogen atom on a benzene ring?

What is the heat of hydrogenation for benzene compared to cyclohexatriene?

What is responsible for the aromatic properties of benzene due to its resonance stabilization?

What type of orbitals does benzene use for bonding, and how many other atoms is each carbon bonded to?

According to the Huckel rule, what value should 4n+2 equal for a molecule to be aromatic?

Which of the following compounds is not aromatic according to the Huckel rule?

What is the name of the compound (CH3)2CHC6H5 based on the nomenclature of benzene derivatives?

Which type of reaction involves the substitution of an alkyl group for a hydrogen atom on a benzene ring?

What is the intermediate carbon-carbon bond length in benzene compared to ethane and ethylene?

Benzene Molecular Formula and Properties

Molecular formula of benzene is C6H6.
Benzene readily undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.
Common product of mono-substitution in benzene is substituted benzene (e.g., toluene from methyl substitution).

Reactions Involving Benzene

When treated with KMnO4/H2O, benzene undergoes oxidation, leading to formation of benzoic acid.
Benzene is considered a resonance-stabilized molecule in the Kekulé structure.
Substitution reactions typically involve replacing hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring.

Specific Substitution Reactions

Acylation involves substitution of an acyl group for a hydrogen atom on a benzene ring, leading to ketone formation.
The heat of hydrogenation for benzene is lower compared to cyclohexatriene, indicating greater stability in benzene due to resonance.

Aromaticity and Huckel Rule

Aromatic properties of benzene arise from resonance stabilization and delocalized π electrons.
Benzene uses sp² hybrid orbitals for bonding, with each carbon atom bonded to two other carbon atoms and one hydrogen atom.
According to Huckel's rule, for a molecule to be aromatic, 4n+2 π electrons must be present, where n is a non-negative integer.

Aromatic Compounds and Nomenclature

Compounds not satisfying Huckel's rule (e.g., cyclobutadiene) are considered non-aromatic.
The compound (CH3)2CHC6H5 is referred to as cumene in benzene derivative nomenclature.
Alkyl group substitution for a hydrogen atom occurs in alkylation reactions on benzene.

Bond Length Comparisons

The intermediate carbon-carbon bond length in benzene is approximately equal, and shorter than that of ethylene, but longer than that of ethane, reflecting its resonance structure.

Test your knowledge of aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene structure, and their chemical behavior in electrophilic substitution. Explore the characteristics of aliphatic and aromatic compounds, along with the molecular formula of benzene and its unique ring structure.