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Questions and Answers
What is the molecular formula of benzene?
What is the molecular formula of benzene?
- C6H6
- C5H8 (correct)
- C6H12
- C7H8
Which structure of benzene was preferred and accepted?
Which structure of benzene was preferred and accepted?
- Kekule structure (correct)
- Dewar structure
- Cyclobutadiene
- Linear chain structure
What rule predicts the aromatic character of a compound?
What rule predicts the aromatic character of a compound?
- Huckel's rule (correct)
- Markovnikov's rule
- Saytzeff's rule
- Zaitsev's rule
How many π electrons does benzene have?
How many π electrons does benzene have?
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Why does benzene undergo substitution rather than addition?
Why does benzene undergo substitution rather than addition?
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What is the bond length of carbon-carbon bonds in benzene?
What is the bond length of carbon-carbon bonds in benzene?
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Which of the following is NOT a reason why the Kekule structure was accepted?
Which of the following is NOT a reason why the Kekule structure was accepted?
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What is required for a compound to be considered aromatic according to Huckel's rule?
What is required for a compound to be considered aromatic according to Huckel's rule?
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Study Notes
Aromatic Compounds
- Aromatic compounds are one of the two major classes of organic compounds, the other being aliphatic compounds.
Benzene
- Benzene's molecular formula is C6H6 and it has been known since 1825.
- Benzene has several proposed structures, including Kekule, Dewar, and linear chain structures.
Kekule Structure
- The Kekule structure is a six-membered ring with alternating single and double bonds.
- The Kekule structure is preferred due to several reasons, including:
- Yields only one substitution product
- Yields three isomeric distribution products
- Undergoes substitution rather than addition
- Carbon-carbon bonds in benzene are equal in length (1.39 Angstrom)
Aromatic Character
- Aromatic compounds have a ring of π orbitals above and below the plane of the molecule.
- The aromatic character of benzene can be predicted by counting the number of π-electrons.
- Huckel's rule states that aromatic properties are expected for planar, cyclic compounds containing 4n+2 π electrons in a closed circuit (where n is a whole number).
- Benzene is an example of an aromatic compound, with six π electrons, satisfying Huckel's rule for n = 1.
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