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Questions and Answers
Which feature is essential for a molecule to be aromatic based on the provided details?
Which feature is essential for a molecule to be aromatic based on the provided details?
- Aliphatic structure and low degree of unsaturation
- Obeying the 4n rule for π electrons
- Presence of sp3 hybridization
- Cyclic structure and high degree of unsaturation (correct)
Which of the following molecules is aromatic according to the given information?
Which of the following molecules is aromatic according to the given information?
- A molecule with 4n+2=8 π electrons
- A molecule with 4n+2=4 π electrons
- A molecule with 4n+2=10 π electrons (correct)
- A molecule with 4n+2=6 π electrons
According to Huckel's rule, how many π electrons does an aromatic molecule with 4n+2=14 have?
According to Huckel's rule, how many π electrons does an aromatic molecule with 4n+2=14 have?
- 14 (correct)
- 12
- 6
- 8
What is the hybridization state of carbon atoms in an aromatic molecule according to the given information?
What is the hybridization state of carbon atoms in an aromatic molecule according to the given information?
What is the consequence if a cyclic molecule with a high degree of unsaturation does not obey the 4n+2 rule for aromaticity?
What is the consequence if a cyclic molecule with a high degree of unsaturation does not obey the 4n+2 rule for aromaticity?
Flashcards
Essential Aromatic Feature?
Essential Aromatic Feature?
Aromatic molecules must have a cyclic (ring-shaped) structure with a high degree of unsaturation (multiple double bonds).
Aromatic Molecule Example?
Aromatic Molecule Example?
A molecule possessing 10 π electrons (where 4n+2 = 10) satisfies Huckel's rule and is considered aromatic.
Huckel's Rule: How Many π Electrons?
Huckel's Rule: How Many π Electrons?
According to Hückel's rule, an aromatic molecule with 4n+2=14 has 14 π electrons delocalized within the ring.
Carbon Hybridization in Aromatics?
Carbon Hybridization in Aromatics?
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Non-Aromatic Consequence?
Non-Aromatic Consequence?
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Study Notes
Structure of Benzene
- Kekulé structure is the structure of benzene.
Nomenclature of Benzene Derivatives
- Monosubstituted benzene derivatives: named as a parent alkane with a prefix indicating the substituent (e.g., methyl benzene, hydroxy benzene, amino benzene).
- Disubstituted benzene derivatives: relative positions of substituents are indicated by prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- (or o-, m-, and p-) or by using numbers.
- Trisubstituted benzene derivatives: the benzene ring is numbered to give the lowest possible numbers to the substituents.
Reactions of Benzene
- Benzene does not undergo addition reaction.
- Benzene undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.
Aromaticity and the Hückel Rule
- Aromatic compounds must be: • Cyclic • Having a high degree of unsaturation and conjugation • Planar (SP2 hybridization) • Undergoing electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction and not addition reaction • Obeying Hückel Rule (4n + 2 = number of π -electrons), where n is a real number (0, 1, 2, 3, …).
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