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Questions and Answers
Which feature is essential for a molecule to be aromatic based on the provided details?
Which of the following molecules is aromatic according to the given information?
According to Huckel's rule, how many π electrons does an aromatic molecule with 4n+2=14 have?
What is the hybridization state of carbon atoms in an aromatic molecule according to the given information?
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What is the consequence if a cyclic molecule with a high degree of unsaturation does not obey the 4n+2 rule for aromaticity?
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Study Notes
Structure of Benzene
- Kekulé structure is the structure of benzene.
Nomenclature of Benzene Derivatives
- Monosubstituted benzene derivatives: named as a parent alkane with a prefix indicating the substituent (e.g., methyl benzene, hydroxy benzene, amino benzene).
- Disubstituted benzene derivatives: relative positions of substituents are indicated by prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- (or o-, m-, and p-) or by using numbers.
- Trisubstituted benzene derivatives: the benzene ring is numbered to give the lowest possible numbers to the substituents.
Reactions of Benzene
- Benzene does not undergo addition reaction.
- Benzene undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.
Aromaticity and the Hückel Rule
- Aromatic compounds must be: • Cyclic • Having a high degree of unsaturation and conjugation • Planar (SP2 hybridization) • Undergoing electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction and not addition reaction • Obeying Hückel Rule (4n + 2 = number of π -electrons), where n is a real number (0, 1, 2, 3, …).
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Description
Test your knowledge on the nomenclature of aromatic compounds, including the structure of benzene, Kekulé structure, and naming monosubstituted and disubstituted benzene derivatives. This quiz also covers the use of prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- for indicating the relative positions of substituents.
