Arnold Schoenberg and Jazz Music
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Questions and Answers

Arnold Schoenberg was a composer from which country?

  • Germany
  • France
  • Austria (correct)
  • Italy

What was Arnold Schoenberg primarily trying to express through his compositions?

  • Popular taste
  • Traditional harmonies
  • Emotions and drama (correct)
  • Simple melodies

Before dedicating himself fully to music, what other artistic pursuit did Schoenberg explore?

  • Acting
  • Sculpture
  • Painting (correct)
  • Poetry

Which piece by Arnold Schoenberg is based on poems by Jens Peter Jacobsen?

<p>Gurre-Lieder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Approximately how many notes are used in Schoenberg's twelve-tone system?

<p>12 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for music that is not set in any key and has no tonic?

<p>Atonal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the vocal technique, indicated by crosses on a score, that Schoenberg used?

<p>Sprechstimme (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

With which composer did Schoenberg play tennis?

<p>George Gershwin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the famous nightspot in Harlem, New York, highlighted in the provided content?

<p>The Cotton Club (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument did Johnny Hodges play?

<p>Alto Saxophone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Approximately how many songs did Duke Ellington compose?

<p>1,500 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which jazz style was popular between 1897 and 1918?

<p>Ragtime (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which jazz style is described as piano-based blues?

<p>Boogie-woogie (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gives a jazz piece its all-important rhythm?

<p>Syncopation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What musical element distinguishes The Blues?

<p>Distinctive scale and set of chords (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what decade did Duke Ellington become one of the leading Jazz artists to make open political statements?

<p>1930s (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what city was Arnold Schoenberg born?

<p>Vienna (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What job did Schoenberg take at age 17 to support his family and music studies?

<p>Bank Employee (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

With which orchestra did Schoenberg join in 1894?

<p>Polyhymnia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did Schoenberg leave Germany to live in the United States?

<p>1933 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which art movement greatly influenced Schoenberg's work?

<p>Expressionism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique involves a vocal style that is half-sung and half-spoken?

<p>Sprechstimme (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of Schoenberg's unfinished opera?

<p>Moses und Aron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pierrot Lunaire is based on 21 poems written by which French poet?

<p>Albert Giraud (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Duke Ellington's birth name?

<p>Edward Kennedy Ellington (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was Edward Kennedy Ellington nicknamed 'Duke'?

<p>Because he was stylish and polite (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year was Duke Ellington born?

<p>1889 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of music is Duke Ellington most known for?

<p>Jazz (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of Duke Ellington's first group?

<p>The Duke's Serenaders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what New York venue did Duke Ellington perform, gaining an international audience?

<p>The Cotton Club (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which trumpet player influenced the sound of Duke Ellington's band with the 'growl' trumpet?

<p>James 'Bubber' Miley (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what decade did Duke Ellington and his band tour the US and Europe, becoming an established swing band?

<p>1930s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for how players use their facial muscles and lip shape when blowing into a woodwind instrument?

<p>Embouchure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a player do to a reed before playing to help it vibrate correctly?

<p>Wetting it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to support the body of the saxophone?

<p>Thumb rest (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the saxophone is vibrated when a player blows into the mouthpiece?

<p>Reed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many tone holes are typically found on a saxophone?

<p>20 to 23 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who invented the saxophone?

<p>Adolphe Sax (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did Sax receive the patent for making saxophones?

<p>1846 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reed is combined with the saxophone?

<p>Clarinet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the saxophone become highly utilized in jazz music recordings?

<p>1920s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which musical style is the saxophone closely associated with from the 1940s onward?

<p>Swing and big band (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Stan Getz's nickname?

<p>The Sound (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The saxophone is made of what material?

<p>Brass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes a Saxophone? (Select one)

<p>Used in many styles of music (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which record label was founded to promote Black American artists and the soul-pop sound known as Motown?

<p>Motown Records (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which American singer joined the cast of the Grand Ole Opry in 1961?

<p>Patsy Cline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artist's 2015 single broke records with 1.1 million downloads in the US in one week?

<p>Adele (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artist experimented with stereophonic and phasing effects in the recording studio?

<p>Jimi Hendrix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which K-pop group's song Dynamite was streamed 7.7 million times on Spotify on its first day?

<p>BTS (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general term used to describe African popular music from the mid-20th century onward?

<p>Afropop (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fela Kuti was a pioneer of which music genre?

<p>Afrobeat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Soukous dancing originated in which country?

<p>Congo (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument did Manu Dibango play?

<p>Saxophone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Makossa fuses traditional dance of the Duala people with which styles of music?

<p>Jazz and Latin American music (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What musical style is associated with Amadou and Mariam?

<p>Afro-blues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument is N'Faly Kouyaté a master performer of?

<p>Kora (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Wiyaala's music?

<p>Female empowerment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

With which artist did Wizkid collaborate on the song 'One Dance'?

<p>Drake (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of struggles are contained in Thomas Mapfumo's lyrics in Chimurenga music?

<p>Zimbabwe's social political issues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one purpose of music in television and movies?

<p>To create moods such as calm or tension. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using catchy jingles in advertisements?

<p>To help sell products. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what type of documentary did Benjamin Britten write Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra?

<p>An educational documentary. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What instruments are featured so that children can learn the sounds they make in Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra?

<p>Wind or percussion instruments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which city is the tragic love story of Black Orpheus set?

<p>Rio de Janeiro. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What rhythms are merged together in the movie Black Orpheus?

<p>Jazz and Brazilian Samba. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Goodbye Mary Poppins is based on the story of a what?

<p>Mysterious flying nanny. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the profession of the people working in Antarctica, who are featured in the documentary with music by Nigel Westlake?

<p>Scientists working on research stations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Arnold Schoenberg

Austrian composer who developed new techniques to express emotion.

Sprechstimme

A vocal technique halfway between singing and speaking.

Atonal Music

Music lacking a tonal center or key.

Expressionist Art

Early 20th-century movement using bold colors and shapes to express emotions.

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Moses und Aron

Schoenberg's opera, left unfinished at his death.

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Pierrot Lunaire

Series of German songs based on 21 poems by Albert Giraud.

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Gustav Mahler's Influence

Mahler's music used large orchestra to convey contrasts.

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Society for Private Musical Performances

Founded by Schoenberg to promote new music.

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Gurre-Lieder

A large-scale composition for orchestra, choirs, soloists, and narrator, based on Danish poems.

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Tonic

The first note of a musical scale, providing a sense of stability and home.

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12-tone System

A composing system using all 12 notes in an octave, giving them equal importance.

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Notes in an Octave

There are 12 notes (keys) in an octave. C, C#, D, D#, E, F, F#, G, G#, A, A#, B.

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Expressing Emotions

Musical performance can lead to the expression of emotions and ideas

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Who was Duke Ellington?

Edward Kennedy Ellington, a highly influential jazz figure known for his sophisticated style.

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Where was Duke Born?

Washington, D.C.

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Why was he nicknamed 'Duke'?

His stylishness and polite demeanor.

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Name two of Duke's earliest compositions.

Soda Fountain Rag and What You Gonna Do When the Bed Breaks Down.

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What was the Cotton Club?

A New York City club where Ellington gained international recognition.

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Who was James "Bubber" Miley?

An early trumpet player known for his "growl" style, significantly influencing Ellington's band's sound.

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Who were Harvey Brooks and Willie "The Lion" Smith?

Pianists who influenced Duke Ellington's piano playing style

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Why did Duke have such a long career?

Because he was able to adapt to the times to be a musical influence through the many changes of the 20th century.

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Embouchure

The way players use facial muscles and lip shape when blowing into a woodwind instrument.

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Reed (Saxophone)

A thin piece of material (usually cane) that vibrates to produce sound when air is blown across it.

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Tone Holes

Holes along the saxophone's body that are covered or uncovered by keys to change the pitch.

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Thumb Rest

Used to support the body.

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Pad Cups

They cover the tone holes.

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The Cotton Club

Famous night spot in Harlem, NY, known for its white-only policy (initially) and performances by black musicians like Duke Ellington.

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Ragtime

A style of music characterized by its syncopated rhythm. Precursor to Jazz.

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Boogie-woogie

Piano-based blues music with a driving, repetitive left-hand rhythm.

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Swing

A style of jazz played by big bands in the 1930s, characterized by a strong rhythmic groove that makes you want to dance.

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Syncopation

Fundamental to Jazz, this is where stressed beats aren't usually stressed

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The Blues

Influence in the development of Jazz is emotional emotions and is identifiable by its distinctive scale and set of chords.

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Syncopation

Where stressed beats aren't usually stressed. Gives a piece its rhythm.

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The Blues

Portrays emotional distinction through its distinctive scale and chords.

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Who was Adolphe Sax?

Belgian instrument maker who invented the saxophone in the early 1840s.

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Saxophone: key components?

Combined a clarinet-style reed, oboe/flute key system, and ophicleide conical brass body.

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When was the Saxophone patented?

The year Adolphe Sax received the patent for making saxophones.

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Saxophone's adoption?

French military bands first embraced it, later jazz and swing bands popularized it.

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Saxophone: Woodwind?

A reed instrument crafted from brass.

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Who was John Coltrane?

Tenor saxophonist, composer, and bandleader; a huge influence on jazz in the '60s and '70s.

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Who was Stan Getz?

Earned the nickname 'The Sound' for his warm, controlled saxophone tone.

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Who was Sidney Bechet?

He was a child prodify in New Orleans.

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Motown Records

American record label founded by Berry Gordy to promote Black artists and the soul-pop sound.

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"Shop Around"

Smokey Robinson and the Miracles recorded this hit song in 1960.

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Adele's "Hello"

Broke records with 1.1 million downloads in the US in one week.

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Jimi Hendrix

Used the recording studio as an extension of his musical ideas.

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BTS's "Dynamite"

BTS song streamed 7.7 million times on Spotify on its first day.

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Amadou and Mariam

Musical duo from Mali, whose music blends traditional Malian sounds with international influences. Known for their Afro-blues style.

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Thomas Mapfumo

Zimbabwean musician who created chimurenga music, which draws on Shona mbira music and addresses social-political struggles.

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N'Faly Kouyaté

Mandinka griot, master of the kora, and member of Dunyakan and Afro Celt Sound System.

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Wiyaala

Ghanaian singer blending African and Western pop, singing in multiple languages and dialects, and promoting female empowerment.

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Wizkid

Afrobeats artist known for collaborating with Drake on "One Dance" and blending English with West African languages in his music.

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Afropop

General term for African popular music from mid-20th century, blending traditional sounds with American, Latin American, and European influences.

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Afrobeat

A music genre pioneered by Fela Kuti, blending West African chants, Yoruba drumming, jazz, and funk rhythms.

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Soukous

A fast, upbeat musical style from Congo, inspired by traditional Congolese music and Cuban/Latin dances.

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Makossa

Musical style developed by Manu Dibango, which fuses traditional Duala dance with jazz and Latin American music.

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Yoruba Drumming

West African chants and drumming from Nigeria, incorporating traditions from the Yoruba people.

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Music in Visual Media

Music is an essential component in movies and television programs, enhancing opening and closing credits, creating specific moods, and selling products through catchy jingles.

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Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra

A composition by Benjamin Britten designed to teach children the sounds of different orchestral sections by showcasing variations and a fugue based on a Purcell theme.

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Black Orpheus

A tragic love story set during carnival time in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, featuring a lively mix of jazz and Brazilian samba rhythms.

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Goodbye Mary Poppins

A Russian musical TV miniseries loosely based on the character made famous by Andrews, with music reminiscent of 1970s and 1980s movie soundtracks.

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Antarctica (Documentary)

A documentary about Antarctica with music by Nigel Westlake. The score reflects the landscape and harmonizes with the movements of the continent's animals.

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Jingles

Help sell products in commercials through catchy and memorable tunes.

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Music creates Moods

Create feelings and emotion. Such as calm or tension.

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Music: Opening/Closing

Essential part of the opening and closing credits of television programs and movies

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