term 2 week 23

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Ligands can be:

Intracellular and extracellular receptors
Heterotrimeric G proteins that function intracellularly.
Growth factors, cytokines, hormones, cell adhesion molecules, lipids and neurotransmitters. (correct)
cAMPK substrates that roam the cell.

A kinase

. Removes a phosphate group from a substrate
Adds kinesin to proteins
Adds a phosphate group to a substrate (correct)
. Adds lipids to kinesin

What are GPCRs

They are receptor tyrosine kinases that phosphorylate substrates.
7-pass transmembrane receptors, one example being b-adrenergic receptor for adrenaline. (correct)
They are receptor tyrosine kinases that remove phosphates from proteins.
They are cytosolic proteins that receive intracellular glucose.

-Which statement is true about FAK?

FAK can integrate signals from integrins and RTKs and are overexpressed in cancer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Phosphorylation:

Consists of the addition of a phosphate group to an aminoacid (commonly serine, threonine or tyrosine) or a lipid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

Adrenaline binds the b-adrenergic receptor, increases heart rate and promotes vasoconstriction, diverting blood away from unnecessary systems preparing for a response. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is the adrenaline response called?

Fight or flight responsee. (B) Signup and view all the answers

– Cholera toxin

Binds the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins and makes it unable to hydrolyse GTP. (D) Signup and view all the answers

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Endocrine, autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine. (C) Signup and view all the answers

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

. Are transmembrane proteins with a cytoplasmic kinase domain. Transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a substrate. Are kinases, that phosphorylate proteins downstream a signalling cascade EGFR is an example of a receptor tyrosine kinase. (A) Signup and view all the answers

GTPases

Are small monomeric GTPases that function as molecular switches. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Transcription factors:

a. Can bind DNA to promote/activate transcription of specific proteins. b. Some transcription factors activate expression of target genes, others repress expression of their targets, some do both. c. Cause profound cellular effects by controlling multiple genes. d. Are usually the last step of a signal transduction pathway. (B) Signup and view all the answers

GTPases

Are small monomeric GTPases that function as molecular switches. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Transcription factors:

a. Can bind DNA to promote/activate transcription of specific proteins. b. Some transcription factors activate expression of target genes, others repress expression of their targets, some do both. c. Cause profound cellular effects by controlling multiple genes. d. Are usually the last step of a signal transduction pathway. (B) Signup and view all the answers

-Which statement is true about FAK?

FAK can integrate signals from integrins and RTKs and are overexpressed in cancer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Phosphorylation:

Consists of the addition of a phosphate group to an aminoacid (commonly serine, threonine or tyrosine) or a lipid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

Adrenaline binds the b-adrenergic receptor, increases heart rate and promotes vasoconstriction, diverting blood away from unnecessary systems preparing for a response. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is the adrenaline response called?

Fight or flight responsee. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A kinase

Adds a phosphate group to a substrate (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are GPCRs

7-pass transmembrane receptors, one example being b-adrenergic receptor for adrenaline. (B) Signup and view all the answers

– Cholera toxin

Binds the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins and makes it unable to hydrolyse GTP. (D) Signup and view all the answers

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Endocrine, autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Ligands can be:

Growth factors, cytokines, hormones, cell adhesion molecules, lipids and neurotransmitters. (C) Signup and view all the answers

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

. Are transmembrane proteins with a cytoplasmic kinase domain. Transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a substrate. Are kinases, that phosphorylate proteins downstream a signalling cascade EGFR is an example of a receptor tyrosine kinase. (A) Signup and view all the answers

GTPases

Are small monomeric GTPases that function as molecular switches. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Transcription factors:

a. Can bind DNA to promote/activate transcription of specific proteins. b. Some transcription factors activate expression of target genes, others repress expression of their targets, some do both. c. Cause profound cellular effects by controlling multiple genes. d. Are usually the last step of a signal transduction pathway. (B) Signup and view all the answers

-Which statement is true about FAK?

FAK can integrate signals from integrins and RTKs and are overexpressed in cancer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Phosphorylation:

Consists of the addition of a phosphate group to an aminoacid (commonly serine, threonine or tyrosine) or a lipid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

Adrenaline binds the b-adrenergic receptor, increases heart rate and promotes vasoconstriction, diverting blood away from unnecessary systems preparing for a response. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is the adrenaline response called?

Fight or flight responsee. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A kinase

Adds a phosphate group to a substrate (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are GPCRs

7-pass transmembrane receptors, one example being b-adrenergic receptor for adrenaline. (B) Signup and view all the answers

– Cholera toxin

Binds the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins and makes it unable to hydrolyse GTP. (D) Signup and view all the answers

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Endocrine, autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Ligands can be:

Growth factors, cytokines, hormones, cell adhesion molecules, lipids and neurotransmitters. (C) Signup and view all the answers

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

. Are transmembrane proteins with a cytoplasmic kinase domain. Transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a substrate. Are kinases, that phosphorylate proteins downstream a signalling cascade EGFR is an example of a receptor tyrosine kinase. (A) Signup and view all the answers

GTPases

Are small monomeric GTPases that function as molecular switches. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Transcription factors:

a. Can bind DNA to promote/activate transcription of specific proteins. b. Some transcription factors activate expression of target genes, others repress expression of their targets, some do both. c. Cause profound cellular effects by controlling multiple genes. d. Are usually the last step of a signal transduction pathway. (B) Signup and view all the answers

-Which statement is true about FAK?

FAK can integrate signals from integrins and RTKs and are overexpressed in cancer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Phosphorylation:

Consists of the addition of a phosphate group to an aminoacid (commonly serine, threonine or tyrosine) or a lipid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

Adrenaline binds the b-adrenergic receptor, increases heart rate and promotes vasoconstriction, diverting blood away from unnecessary systems preparing for a response. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is the adrenaline response called?

Fight or flight responsee. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A kinase

Adds a phosphate group to a substrate (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are GPCRs

7-pass transmembrane receptors, one example being b-adrenergic receptor for adrenaline. (B) Signup and view all the answers

– Cholera toxin

Binds the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins and makes it unable to hydrolyse GTP. (D) Signup and view all the answers

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Endocrine, autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Ligands can be:

Growth factors, cytokines, hormones, cell adhesion molecules, lipids and neurotransmitters. (C) Signup and view all the answers

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

. Are transmembrane proteins with a cytoplasmic kinase domain. Transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a substrate. Are kinases, that phosphorylate proteins downstream a signalling cascade EGFR is an example of a receptor tyrosine kinase. (A) Signup and view all the answers

GTPases

Are small monomeric GTPases that function as molecular switches. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Transcription factors:

a. Can bind DNA to promote/activate transcription of specific proteins. b. Some transcription factors activate expression of target genes, others repress expression of their targets, some do both. c. Cause profound cellular effects by controlling multiple genes. d. Are usually the last step of a signal transduction pathway. (B) Signup and view all the answers

-Which statement is true about FAK?

FAK can integrate signals from integrins and RTKs and are overexpressed in cancer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Phosphorylation:

Consists of the addition of a phosphate group to an aminoacid (commonly serine, threonine or tyrosine) or a lipid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

Adrenaline binds the b-adrenergic receptor, increases heart rate and promotes vasoconstriction, diverting blood away from unnecessary systems preparing for a response. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is the adrenaline response called?

Fight or flight responsee. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A kinase

Adds a phosphate group to a substrate (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are GPCRs

7-pass transmembrane receptors, one example being b-adrenergic receptor for adrenaline. (B) Signup and view all the answers

– Cholera toxin

Binds the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins and makes it unable to hydrolyse GTP. (D) Signup and view all the answers

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Endocrine, autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Ligands can be:

Growth factors, cytokines, hormones, cell adhesion molecules, lipids and neurotransmitters. (C) Signup and view all the answers

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

. Are transmembrane proteins with a cytoplasmic kinase domain. Transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a substrate. Are kinases, that phosphorylate proteins downstream a signalling cascade EGFR is an example of a receptor tyrosine kinase. (A) Signup and view all the answers

GTPases

Are small monomeric GTPases that function as molecular switches. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Transcription factors:

a. Can bind DNA to promote/activate transcription of specific proteins. b. Some transcription factors activate expression of target genes, others repress expression of their targets, some do both. c. Cause profound cellular effects by controlling multiple genes. d. Are usually the last step of a signal transduction pathway. (B) Signup and view all the answers

-Which statement is true about FAK?

FAK can integrate signals from integrins and RTKs and are overexpressed in cancer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Phosphorylation:

Consists of the addition of a phosphate group to an aminoacid (commonly serine, threonine or tyrosine) or a lipid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

Adrenaline binds the b-adrenergic receptor, increases heart rate and promotes vasoconstriction, diverting blood away from unnecessary systems preparing for a response. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is the adrenaline response called?

Fight or flight responsee. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A kinase

Adds a phosphate group to a substrate (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are GPCRs

7-pass transmembrane receptors, one example being b-adrenergic receptor for adrenaline. (B) Signup and view all the answers

– Cholera toxin

Binds the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins and makes it unable to hydrolyse GTP. (D) Signup and view all the answers

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Endocrine, autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Ligands can be:

Growth factors, cytokines, hormones, cell adhesion molecules, lipids and neurotransmitters. (C) Signup and view all the answers

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

. Are transmembrane proteins with a cytoplasmic kinase domain. Transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a substrate. Are kinases, that phosphorylate proteins downstream a signalling cascade EGFR is an example of a receptor tyrosine kinase. (A) Signup and view all the answers

GTPases

Are small monomeric GTPases that function as molecular switches. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Transcription factors:

a. Can bind DNA to promote/activate transcription of specific proteins. b. Some transcription factors activate expression of target genes, others repress expression of their targets, some do both. c. Cause profound cellular effects by controlling multiple genes. d. Are usually the last step of a signal transduction pathway. (B) Signup and view all the answers

-Which statement is true about FAK?

FAK can integrate signals from integrins and RTKs and are overexpressed in cancer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Phosphorylation:

Consists of the addition of a phosphate group to an aminoacid (commonly serine, threonine or tyrosine) or a lipid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

Adrenaline binds the b-adrenergic receptor, increases heart rate and promotes vasoconstriction, diverting blood away from unnecessary systems preparing for a response. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is the adrenaline response called?

Fight or flight responsee. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A kinase

Adds a phosphate group to a substrate (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are GPCRs

7-pass transmembrane receptors, one example being b-adrenergic receptor for adrenaline. (B) Signup and view all the answers

– Cholera toxin

Binds the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins and makes it unable to hydrolyse GTP. (D) Signup and view all the answers

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Endocrine, autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Ligands can be:

Growth factors, cytokines, hormones, cell adhesion molecules, lipids and neurotransmitters. (C) Signup and view all the answers

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

. Are transmembrane proteins with a cytoplasmic kinase domain. Transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a substrate. Are kinases, that phosphorylate proteins downstream a signalling cascade EGFR is an example of a receptor tyrosine kinase. (A) Signup and view all the answers

GTPases

Are small monomeric GTPases that function as molecular switches. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Transcription factors:

a. Can bind DNA to promote/activate transcription of specific proteins. b. Some transcription factors activate expression of target genes, others repress expression of their targets, some do both. c. Cause profound cellular effects by controlling multiple genes. d. Are usually the last step of a signal transduction pathway. (B) Signup and view all the answers

term 2 week 23

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Questions and Answers

Ligands can be:

A kinase

What are GPCRs

-Which statement is true about FAK?

Phosphorylation:

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

How is the adrenaline response called?

– Cholera toxin

– The different types of cell signalling are:

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

GTPases

Transcription factors:

GTPases

Transcription factors:

-Which statement is true about FAK?

Phosphorylation:

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

How is the adrenaline response called?

A kinase

What are GPCRs

– Cholera toxin

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Ligands can be:

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

GTPases

Transcription factors:

-Which statement is true about FAK?

Phosphorylation:

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

How is the adrenaline response called?

A kinase

What are GPCRs

– Cholera toxin

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Ligands can be:

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

GTPases

Transcription factors:

-Which statement is true about FAK?

Phosphorylation:

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

How is the adrenaline response called?

A kinase

What are GPCRs

– Cholera toxin

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Ligands can be:

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

GTPases

Transcription factors:

-Which statement is true about FAK?

Phosphorylation:

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

How is the adrenaline response called?

A kinase

What are GPCRs

– Cholera toxin

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Ligands can be:

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

GTPases

Transcription factors:

-Which statement is true about FAK?

Phosphorylation:

What is the function of adrenaline (epinephrine)

How is the adrenaline response called?

A kinase

What are GPCRs

– Cholera toxin

– The different types of cell signalling are:

Ligands can be:

– Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTK)

GTPases

Transcription factors:

-Which statement is true about FAK?

Phosphorylation: