BC Ch. 10 Defintions

Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of applying mortar to the back of the facing material or face of the backing material?

To increase the aesthetic appeal of the wall

To provide thermal insulation

To create a bond between masonry layers (correct)

To enhance water resistance of the wall

Which statement best defines a Party Wall?

A load-bearing wall unique to one structure

A wall built between two adjoining buildings for shared use (correct)

A wall that separates individual units in a building

A wall that primarily supports horizontal loads

What does a Pintle do in construction?

Transfers loads between columns and upper floors (correct)

Supports roof structures

Acts as a weatherproofing device

Provides decorative elements on walls

Which best describes Rubble Masonry?

Irregular shaped stones used in unrefined construction Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a Rubble Masonry Wall?

Incorporates an inner and outer wythe filled with random masonry Signup and view all the answers

What defines Solid Masonry Walls?

Masonry units laid tightly with mortar-filled joints Signup and view all the answers

How are bricks arranged in a Stretcher Course?

Positioned so that the long side is visible Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a Tenement?

Multi-story housing for the working class from a specific historical period Signup and view all the answers

What is Terra-Cotta Tile primarily made of?

Clay and fine sand fired in a kiln Signup and view all the answers

What type of construction is Type III Construction known as?

Ordinary construction with specific characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is Adobe?

Large, roughly molded, sun-dried clay units of varying sizes Signup and view all the answers

What is an Arched Truss?

A truss with an arched upper chord and a straight bottom chord Signup and view all the answers

What is Ashlar Masonry?

Stone cut in rectangular units Signup and view all the answers

What is a Cantilever Wall?

A freestanding wall unsecured at the top Signup and view all the answers

What does Cast-in-Place Concrete include?

Plain concrete, reinforced concrete, and post-tensioned concrete Signup and view all the answers

What is a Cavity Wall?

A hollow wall in which wythes are tied together Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a Cantilever Wall?

It is freestanding and unsupported at the top Signup and view all the answers

What type of masonry is characterized by stones being cut into rectangular shapes?

Ashlar masonry Signup and view all the answers

What defines a Composite Wall in construction?

A wall with two different masonry materials that act as one unit under load Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Course' refer to in masonry?

A horizontal line of masonry Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Flying Buttress?

To resist the outward thrust of a roof Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Joist Hangers in construction?

To support individual joists against beams or girders Signup and view all the answers

How is a Hollow Masonry Wall defined?

Two connected wythes of masonry with an air space in between Signup and view all the answers

Which material is identified as providing increased fire resistance?

A material specifically designed to prevent fire spread Signup and view all the answers

What does a Cornice typically represent in architecture?

An ornamental projecting ledge at the top of a wall Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Concrete Topping in construction?

To increase fire resistance or provide sanitary floors Signup and view all the answers

How is a Light Well used in building design?

To admit daylight into interior areas Signup and view all the answers

What describes the function of Coping on a wall?

To protect the wall from weather elements Signup and view all the answers

What is the best definition of a Cross Wall?

Any wall set at a right angle to another wall Signup and view all the answers

What is Fire Limits used for in construction regulations?

To establish older code provisions restricting the use of exterior masonry walls Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes a Header or Bond Course in masonry?

A row of bricks laid with the end visible to provide strength Signup and view all the answers

In construction, what is meant by Ordinary Construction?

Structures with a mix of combustible and noncombustible components Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Building Materials and Structural Components

Adobe: Large, roughly molded, sun-dried clay units used in construction.
Ashlar Masonry: Stone cut into rectangular units for a smooth finish.
Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU): Precast hollow or solid structural blocks used in construction.

Wall Types and Structural Design

Arched Truss: Features an arched upper chord with a straight bottom chord for improved load distribution.
Cavity Wall: Contains a hollow space where wythes are tied together, enhancing insulation and moisture drainage.
Cantilever Wall: A freestanding wall that is unsupported at the top, allowing for unique architectural designs.
Composite Wall: Composed of two different masonry materials that work together under load.

Insights into Construction Techniques

Cast-in-Place Concrete: Encompasses plain, reinforced, and post-tensioned concrete methods for in situ construction.
Coping: Acts as a protective cap on top of masonry walls, preventing moisture infiltration.
Cornice: Decorative ledge typically located at the top of a wall, enhancing aesthetic appeal.

Masonry Concepts and Terminology

Course: Refers to a horizontal line of masonry, essential in stacking materials uniformly.
Header or Bond Course: Bricks laid with the end visible to create structural stability across multiple rows.
Hollow Masonry Wall: Two wythes connected with air space for thermal insulation and moisture management.

Fire Safety and Building Codes

Fire Limits: Historical regulations that restricted the use of exterior masonry walls to enhance fire safety.
Fireproof Materials: Materials designed to offer increased resistance to fire, often used in structural walls.

Specialized Structural Components

Flying Buttress: A masonry pier that helps sustain the outward thrust of roofs, common in Gothic architecture.
Party Wall: A common wall shared by two adjacent buildings, essential in multi-tenant developments.
Mezzanine: A low-ceilinged intermediate floor between two main floors, maximizing space utilization.

Wall Construction Types

Ordinary Construction: Buildings with exterior walls made of noncombustible materials but with combustible interior floors and walls.
Rubble Masonry: Utilizes rough stones of irregular shapes for construction, often seen in non-structural applications.
Solid Masonry Walls: Constructed with bricks or blocks laid contiguously, filled with mortar for strength.

Additional Architectural Features

Light Well: A small space that allows natural light to penetrate interior areas.
Transom: A window installed above a door that permits light and ventilation while maintaining privacy.
Strip Mall: A modern retail space typically designed as a single-story building with multiple storefronts.

Miscellaneous Construction Elements

Pintle: A device that transfers loads from columns on upper floors, crucial in multi-story buildings.
Stretcher Course: Bricks arranged such that the long side is visible, contributing to wall aesthetics.
Dog Iron: Large staple used in connecting girders, ensuring structural integrity in frame construction.

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Description

Test your knowledge of architectural terms and concepts with this quiz. Covering topics like Adobe and Arched Trusses, this quiz features multiple-choice questions to challenge your understanding. Perfect for students and enthusiasts of architecture.