36 Questions
Who typically assumes the role of defining responsibilities, organizing and integrating the work of participants, and managing the project delivery process?
Architect
What drives the choice of project delivery method according to the text?
Cost, schedule, building quality, risks, and capabilities
Who is increasingly assuming the role of managing the project delivery process?
Construction manager
Whose expertise about delivery decisions does the owner rely on?
Architect's
What is a key risk consideration related to the establishment of construction cost?
The actual cost of construction being definitively established contractually between the owner and the contractor
What does Integrated Project Delivery Overview (9.3) provide methods for?
Enabling project stakeholders to share risks and rewards involved in design and construction
What are delivery models typically based on?
Design-bid-build, construction management, or design-build typologies
What is a key factor in selecting and implementing a project delivery approach?
Answers to key questions combined with an explicit strategy about cost, quality, schedule, and risk
Who is responsible for building the project and hiring subcontractors, suppliers, and fabricators to complete the work?
Contractor
What is a major concern for owners in construction projects?
Construction cost
Who supports the owner's interests and can oversee and coordinate complex projects?
Program manager
What influences the selection of a project delivery method?
Construction cost, schedule, quality, risk, and owner capabilities
Who generates a design concept for a project and documents it for construction?
Architect
Who may be brought in by the owner or subcontracted by the architect?
Consultant
What is critical when interest rates are very high and capital for building is scarce?
Schedule compliance
What may an owner be willing to accept lower levels of to save construction cost or allow a project to be completed in a shorter period of time?
Quality
What is a significant component of a building's planned quality?
Sustainable design considerations
When is the project scope completely understood or precisely fixed during the course of a project?
Rarely
What does Risk Management Strategies (16.1) discuss?
How to first know one’s risks, and then how to manage them.
What can significantly affect the roles the client, architect, and general contractor play?
The internal capabilities of a client organization
What may teams with less experience adhere to?
Well-understood, standard models and associated typical contracts.
What defines the project delivery method?
Driving factor, architect’s role, risk, and quality
What is perhaps the most intractable variable in the building process?
Risk
What are the responsibilities of the architect related to in defining delivery method?
Responsibilities at each successive design and construction phase of the project.
What does 'Defining Project Services (15.1)' address?
Centrality of scope definition to developing effective agreements for professional design services.
Which project delivery method emphasizes closer collaboration and open sharing of information between key building enterprise constituents?
Integrated project delivery
Which delivery approach assigns the owner the responsibility for making payments and construction funding?
Design-bid-build
Which project delivery method emerged in response to the need for speedier project completion during the late 1970s credit crunch?
Construction management
Which delivery approach was a response to the need for in-depth construction advice during design and frequent disputes between architects and contractors?
Design-build
What is the primary reason for the emergence of construction management as a project delivery method?
To respond to the need for speedier project completion during a credit crunch.
What was the result of the liability crisis of the 1980s on architects and contractors?
Architects were forced to assume more risks in exchange for larger project fees.
What is a characteristic of traditional delivery approach, now called design-bid-build?
Assigns each player a clear role in the construction process.
What is a consequence of the consolidation of design and construction responsibilities into a single entity, known as design-build?
In-depth construction advice during design.
What is an impact of integrated project delivery on collaboration within building enterprise constituents?
It emphasizes closer collaboration and open sharing of information between key building enterprise constituents.
What are the elemental parties involved in project delivery methods?
Owner, architect, and contractor.
What is the primary responsibility of the owner in a building project?
Making payments and construction funding.
Study Notes
- Architecture projects require an understanding of delivery approach options, as the roles and responsibilities of the builder can vary greatly in different methods.
- Traditional delivery approach, now called design-bid-build, assigns each player a clear role: owner hires and pays architect, architect creates and places contract documents for bid, general contractor assembles sub-trades and submits bids, and lowest bidder constructs the project.
- Construction management emerged in response to the need for speedier project completion during the late 1970s credit crunch, leading to asynchronous construction of individual project pieces.
- Liability crisis of the 1980s pushed architects away from job site responsibilities and forced contractors to assume more risks in exchange for larger project fees.
- Consolidation of design and construction responsibilities into a single entity, known as design-build, was a response to the need for in-depth construction advice during design and frequent disputes between architects and contractors.
- The building industry has evolved to include increasingly complex building forms, prefabricated construction subassemblies, integrated building control systems, and sustainable design requirements.
- Integrated project delivery is a new model that emphasizes closer collaboration and open sharing of information between key building enterprise constituents, underpinned by digital design information and technology.
- Project delivery methods involve three elemental parties: owner, architect, and contractor, each with distinct roles, expertise, and expectations.
- Owner: the individual or entity initiating a building project, usually the eventual owner or operator, holds contracts with architect and contractor, and is responsible for making payments and construction funding. Owner's expertise and expectations can vary widely based on the project's complexity.
Learn about the role of the architect in generating design concepts, documenting, and administering contracts for construction projects.
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