Archaean Extremophiles and Mesophilic Archaea

What is the main characteristic of a plasmid?

Contains all genes necessary for survival
Dependent on the host chromosome
Linear structure
Has an origin of replication (correct)

Who is credited with coining the term 'plasmid'?

Gregor Mendel
Joshua Lederberg (correct)
Watson and Crick
Rosalind Franklin

What type of enzymes are used in the construction of plasmids?

Gyrase enzymes
Polymerase enzymes
Restriction enzymes (correct)
Transcription factors

What is the function of a selectable marker in a plasmid?

Identifying transformed cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

In what process can a plasmid be integrated into a host bacterium?

Integrating (episomes) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main outcome of natural selection when resources are limited?

'Stronger' individuals outcompete others (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes cyanobacteria from other bacteria?

They are oxygen producers (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do most bacteria grow and divide?

By binary fission (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protozoa moves using flagella?

Mastigophora (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of heterocysts in cyanobacteria?

Nitrogen fixation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which domain includes all unicellular and prokaryotic organisms not classified as Archaea?

Bacteria (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing characteristic of mesophilic archaea?

Live in habitats supporting most bacteria and eukaryotes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an adaptive trait?

Any genetic characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival (D) Signup and view all the answers

What did Louis Pasteur's experiment with the swan-necked flask disprove?

The theory of spontaneous generation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What key breakthrough helped cure millions of infectious diseases?

Discovery of antibiotics (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique feature of methanogens among archaea?

Ability to produce methane (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did the smallpox vaccine achieve?

It eradicated smallpox completely (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do members of the domain Archaea differ from those in Bacteria and Eukarya?

They possess unique cell membrane compositions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why algae are not classified as true plants?

Lack of vascular tissues (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of algae?

Embryo formation after fertilization (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can be a consequence of overgrowths of algal populations in water bodies?

Harmful algal blooms (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of protozoan organisms in the environment?

Contributing to soil fertility (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are multicellular algae structured?

Contain thallus, holdfast, and stipe structures (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main photosynthetic pigment found in algae?

Chlorophyll (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why are algae classified along with plants during taxonomy?

Ability to carry out photosynthesis (C) Signup and view all the answers