Araling Panlipunan 10 - Unemployment Concepts

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Questions and Answers

Ano ang pangunahing dahilan ng cyclical unemployment?

  • Mataas na sahod ng mga manggagawa
  • Pagsasara ng mga industriya
  • Pagsulong ng teknolohiya
  • Mahinang ekonomiya (correct)

Ano ang itinuturing na underemployed?

  • Indibidwal na may mataas na sahod
  • Indibidwal na hindi na nagnanais ng trabaho
  • Indibidwal na may trabaho ngunit kulang ang kinikita (correct)
  • Indibidwal na walang trabaho

Ano ang pangunahing sanhi ng voluntary unemployment?

  • Kakulangan ng kasanayan
  • Malalang kondisyon ng trabaho
  • Pagpili ng indibidwal na hindi na magtrabaho (correct)
  • Pagkawala ng trabaho

Alin sa mga sumusunod ang hindi kabilang sa mga uri ng unemployment?

<p>Temporary unemployment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Paano nauugnay ang real wage/classical unemployment sa sahod?

<p>Kapag ang sahod ay mas mataas sa equilibrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang epekto ng makabagong teknolohiya sa mga manggagawa?

<p>Nawalan ng trabaho ang ilang manggagawa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Saan nagmumula ang seasonal unemployment?

<p>Sa pabago-bagong demand sa mga negosyo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang dapat gawin ng isang indibidwal upang hindi maging biktima ng unemployment?

<p>Patuloy na mag-upgrade ng kasanayan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang tinutukoy na unemployment kapag ang manggagawa ay pansamantalang nawawalan ng trabaho dahil sa paghahanap ng mas magandang oportunidad?

<p>Frictional unemployment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alin sa mga sumusunod ang hindi dahilan ng structural unemployment?

<p>Mataas na sahod (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alin sa mga sumusunod ang maaaring maging sanhi ng frictional unemployment?

<p>Paghahanap ng mas magandang trabaho (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang pangunahing pagkakaiba ng frictional at structural unemployment?

<p>Panandalian laban sa pangmatagalan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alin sa mga sumusunod na kondisyon ang maaaring magdulot ng unemployment?

<p>Diskriminasyon sa lahi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang epekto ng kakulangan ng sapat na kakayahan ng isang manggagawa sa unemployment?

<p>Nagdudulot ng structural unemployment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alin sa mga sumusunod ang hindi isang dahilan ng unemployment na dulot ng mahinang ekonomiya?

<p>Mataas na sahod (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang maaaring dahilan ng pagkakaroon ng mismatch sa hanapbuhay ng mga tao?

<p>Edukasyong hindi akma sa demand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang pangunahing sanhi ng labor immobility?

<p>Mababang sahod sa mga trabaho (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang epekto ng outsourcing sa lokal na industriya?

<p>Pagkaubos ng trabaho sa lokal na merkado (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang epekto ng geographical immobility sa mga manggagawa?

<p>Malamang na hindi makahanap ng trabaho (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang nangyayari kapag ang workforce ay may mababang kakayahan?

<p>Pagbaba ng kakayahang gumastos (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang isang epekto ng pansamantalang sistema ng pagtapos sa empleo (ENDO)?

<p>Kakulangan sa mga benepisyo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang maaaring mangyari sa isang ekonomiya kapag bumaba ang bilang ng mga nagbabayad ng buwis?

<p>Kakulangan sa pambansang badyet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Paano naaapektuhan ang ekonomiya sa panahon ng structural unemployment?

<p>Mas maraming trabaho ang naaalis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang isa sa mga epekto ng mas mataas na foreign competition?

<p>Pagbaba ng demand para sa lokal na produkto (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang pangunahing layunin ng International Monetary Fund (IMF)?

<p>Magsagawa ng pamantayan para sa kaayusan ng pananalapi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alin sa mga sumusunod ang hindi bahagi ng kulturang Hellenic o Hellenistiko?

<p>Relihiyong Buddhism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang pangunahing kontribusyon ni Marco Polo sa pandaigdigang kalakalan?

<p>Nakarating sa Tsina gamit ang Silk Road (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang papel ng World Bank (WB) sa pandaigdigang ekonomiya?

<p>Nagbibigay ng tulong pinansyal para sa mga proyektong pang-unlad (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang layunin ng General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)?

<p>Magtaguyod ng malayang kalakalan sa pagitan ng mga bansa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alin sa mga sumusunod ang hindi kabilang sa mga katangian ng globalisasyon?

<p>Paghihigpit sa foreign policies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang pangunahing layunin ng Bretton Woods Conference noong 1944?

<p>Pagtatatag ng institusyong pandaigdigan (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Saang yugto ng globalisasyon naging makabuluhan ang Information Age?

<p>Pangatlo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang tinutukoy na kaganapan na nagbigay-daan sa pagbabago sa pandaigdigang komersyo pagkatapos ng WW2?

<p>Pagkakaroon ng mga multinational companies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang pangunahing epekto ng globalisasyon sa mga manggagawa?

<p>Pagtaas ng mga oportunidad at skills (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang pangunahing sanhi ng pagkakaroon ng 'Brain Drain' sa bansa?

<p>Mas mataas na sahod at oportunidad sa ibang bansa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alin sa mga sumusunod ang hindi kabilang sa mga halimbawa ng Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME)?

<p>Malalaking supermarket (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang isa sa mga mungkahing pamamaraan upang matugunan ang unemployment?

<p>Pagsagip sa mga maliliit na negosyo (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang epekto ng pagtaas ng agwat sa pagitan ng mayaman at mahirap?

<p>Pagbaba ng morale ng mga manggagawa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anong aksyon ang maaaring isagawa bilang tugon sa unemployment?

<p>Pagpapabuti sa ugnayang panlabas ng bansa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang nilalaman ng Labor Code of the Philippines?

<p>Mga polisiya para sa mga manggagawa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ano ang hindi pagsasama ng globalisasyon?

<p>Pagbaba ng pandaigdigang transaksyon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anong estratehiya ang maaring gamitin upang malabanan ang mga problemang pangkalusugan?

<p>Pagpapalakas ng mga kumpanya ng insurance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alin ang hindi dapat isaalang-alang na pananaw sa globalization?

<p>Pagbawas ng transaksyon sa internasyonal na kalakalan (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Paano makatutulong ang micro-financing sa mga low-income na tao?

<p>Magbigay ng small loans upang makapagsimula ng negosyo (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Unemployment

A situation where people of working age with skills and experience cannot find a job, or are currently looking for work but are not yet employed.

Cyclical Unemployment

Unemployment linked to a weak economy; economic downturns decrease demand for workers, therefore increasing unemployment.

Real Wage/Classical Unemployment

Unemployment occurs when wages are above the equilibrium level. Or job market surplus when supply of workers exceeds demand.

Voluntary Unemployment

A person choosing not to work or seek employment.

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Seasonal Unemployment

Unemployment that fluctuates due to changes in the demand for certain jobs or industries.

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Underemployed

Individuals with jobs but feel their work hours or income are insufficient. They may have less work hours than they'd like.

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Workforce

All those of working age who are able and willing to work.

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Pagbabago sa Teknolohiya

The replacement of workers with technology in manufacturing.

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Tourism

An industry involving travel and leisure activities, contributing to the economy through visitor spending.

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Agriculture

The production of crops, livestock, and other agricultural products.

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Manufacturing

The making of goods by hand or machine; in a factory.

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Frictional Unemployment

Temporary unemployment; a worker looking for a new job or starting a new job.

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Structural Unemployment

Unemployment caused by a mismatch between available jobs and the skills of the workforce; major shifts in the labor market.

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Unemployment Causes

Reasons why people are unemployed such as lack of skills, availability, interest; poor economy, changes in technology or consumer tastes

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Matching Job Skills

The ability of a job seeker's skills to match the requirements of a job opening.

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Job seeker needs

The qualifications, skills and experience needed to find a job.

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Structural Unemployment

Unemployment caused by a mismatch between available jobs and the skills of the workforce.

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Geographical Immobility

Inability of workers to move to locations with job opportunities due to financial or family ties.

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Occupational Immobility

Inability of workers to train for new jobs needed in the changing economy.

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Decline in Manufacturing

Reduction in factory-based jobs due to automation or shifting production.

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Foreign Competition

Increased competition from foreign companies affecting local businesses.

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END (End of Contract) Employment

Temporary employment without benefits or regular status.

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Economic effects of unemployment

Negative impacts on national economy, including slow growth, low wages and spending, increased competition, and difficulties in negotiating wages.

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Political effects of unemployment

Reduced tax revenue, greater government spending, and potential political instability due to growing unemployment.

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Modern Globalization

Globalization after World War 2, characterized by agreements among countries for international trade and finance, the creation of international organizations, and multinational corporations.

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Archaic Globalization

The early stages of global trade and cultural exchange, driven by early civilizations, trade routes, and empires.

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Global Policies

Government policies related to labor and workers, covering their well-being from the beginning to the end of employment.

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Silk Road

A network of trade routes connecting the East and West, facilitating the exchange of goods and ideas.

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Information Age

A period in globalization marked by rapid technological advancements, especially the proliferation of information.

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Alexander the Great

Ancient Greek King who created a vast empire spanning Europe, Africa, and Asia, impacting trade and culture.

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Marco Polo

Italian explorer who travelled extensively along the Silk Road to China.

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Bretton Woods Conference

Meeting of world leaders in 1944, establishing agreements for international trade and finance.

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Multinational Companies

Large corporations operating in multiple countries.

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Globalization's Impact

Expansion of trade and cooperation leading to global standards and policies through organizations like the EU, IMF, and World Bank.

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MSME (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises)

Private sector businesses or ventures, including small stores, food stalls, and other small-scale operations.

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Globalisasyon

Global interconnectedness, encompassing increased trade, investment, cultural exchange, and knowledge sharing among countries.

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Panlipunang Aspeto

Social aspects of a community or family, including poverty, health problems, family conflicts, and crime.

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"Brain Drain"

Professional emigration from a country due to higher wages or opportunities elsewhere.

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Unemployment

People of working age who cannot find employment despite actively seeking work

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DOLE (Department of Labor and Employment)

Government agency overseeing labor and employment in the Philippines.

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Labor Code of the Philippines

Set of laws governing the rights and responsibilities of Filipino workers.

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Kredito sa Buwis

Tax credit for low-income earners, potentially leading to refunds or deductions.

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Pagpopondo sa Bawas sa Pasahod

Funding for reduced wages as a support mechanism, potentially during economic hardships

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Aksyon Bilang Tugon sa Unemployment

Actions addressing unemployment, including educational improvements, economic sector growth, and microfinancing.

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Study Notes

Araling Panlipunan 10 - Ikalawang Markahan

  • Unemployment: A situation where individuals of working age, with skills and experience, are unable to find a job.

  • Underemployment: Having a job but not enough work or income.

  • Types of Unemployment:

  • Frictional: Temporary unemployment where workers are between jobs or seeking different roles.

  • Structural: Unemployment caused by mismatch between available jobs and workers' skills or location.

  • Cyclical: Unemployment related to economic downturns.

  • Seasonal: Unemployment tied to seasonal business needs.

  • Real Wage/Classical: Unemployment due to wages being higher than the equilibrium level.

  • Voluntary: Workers choose not to work for various reasons.

  • Causes of Unemployment:

  • Economic weaknesses

  • Contractualization systems

  • Low wages, poor working conditions.

  • Lack of job opportunities.

  • Technological changes.

  • Discrimination.

  • Skills mismatch.

  • Effects of Unemployment:

  • Economic slowdowns

  • Lower wages

  • Increased workforce competition

  • Reduced spending power

  • Social tensions and inequalities

  • Structural Unemployment Solutions:

  • Educational system improvements

  • Economic sector growth

  • Micro-financing initiatives

  • Labor-intensive industry development

  • Policies to protect workers.

Globalisasyon

  • Definition: Global interconnectedness, involving economic, social, and cultural exchanges.

  • Factors contributing to globalization:

  • Increase in international trade

  • Growth in international transactions

  • Advancements in communication and transportation

  • Expansion of multinational companies

  • Reduction in trade barriers.

  • Forms of globalization:

  • Economic globalization

  • Political globalization

  • Cultural globalization

  • Effects of Globalization:

  • Increased competition

  • Cultural exchange

  • Economic interdependence

  • Potential for exploitation

  • Benefits of globalization:

  • Economic growth

  • Access to goods and services

  • Cultural exchange

  • Challenges of globalization:

  • Income inequality

  • Environmental concerns

  • Cultural homogenization

Sustainable Development

  • Definition: Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

  • Three dimensions of sustainable development:

  • Economic

  • Environmental

  • Social

  • Sustainable development goals (SDGs): A set of 17 interlinked global goals designed to be a "blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all."

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