Aquaculture Law Review 2024

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Questions and Answers

What does Republic Act No. 10654 primarily aim to improve regarding aquaculture?

Increase the amount of fish produced

Promote local fish consumption

Reduce the number of licensed fishermen

Enhance management of fishery resources (correct)

Who sets the rentals for fishpond areas under the Fishpond Lease Agreement (FLA)?

Municipal Fisheries Ordinance Committee

Local Government Unit

Department of Agriculture through BFAR (correct)

National Fishery Development Authority

Which entity is responsible for managing municipal waters and protecting fishery resources?

Coastal Resource Management Council

City or Municipality (correct)

Department of Agriculture

Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

What is used to identify priority access among municipal fisherfolks to engage in fisheries?

Registry of Municipal Fisherfolk Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the city or municipality concerning municipal waters?

Set penalties for illegal fishing Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum percentage of suitable water surface area that can be allotted for aquaculture purposes in lakes and rivers?

10% Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is explicitly prohibited under Republic Act No. 8550 regarding aquaculture?

Fishing without a license Signup and view all the answers

Under Republic Act No. 8550, which of the following is a permissible practice for aquaculture?

Maintaining regulated fish traps Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main objectives of Republic Act No. 8550 in relation to aquaculture?

To promote sustainable fishing practices Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the penalties prescribed under Republic Act No. 8550?

A mixture of fines and imprisonment Signup and view all the answers

What is a prerequisite for undertaking any development project related to the environment?

Environmental Compliance Certificate from DENR Signup and view all the answers

Which act regulates the introduction of non-native species in aquaculture?

Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001 Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main purposes of the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997?

To promote sustainable development in agriculture and fisheries Signup and view all the answers

How does the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997 support market access for aquaculture products?

By developing local and international markets Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of aquaculture does the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997 emphasize?

Increasing production while minimizing environmental impacts Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum disease-free status period required for a SPF/SPR P.monodon facility before importation?

Two years Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is NOT tested for SPF/SPR status as part of the pre-border biosecurity measures?

Nodavirus Signup and view all the answers

Which document must a broodstock facility submit alongside its disease history to ensure compliance with import regulations?

Samples from the stock lot Signup and view all the answers

What is required for an import permit to be issued for aquaculture products?

Compliance with specified pre-border biosecurity measures Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a requirement for facilities producing Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) broodstock?

Maintain documented breeding programs Signup and view all the answers

What is classified as a regulatory limit for toxins in shellfish according to FAO 235?

60 µg STX equivalent/100g shellfish meat Signup and view all the answers

What frequency is required for the survey of Manila Bay to monitor shellfish toxicity?

Twice a week Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is known to produce saxitoxin, responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning?

Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum Signup and view all the answers

What action is taken when a shellfish area is found to be positive for toxic red tide?

Shellfish area is declared unfit for consumption Signup and view all the answers

How often should shellfish samples be analyzed in areas previously positive for PSP when toxin-free?

Monthly Signup and view all the answers

What is the main subject of Fisheries Administrative Order (FAO) 225?

Allowing the importation of specific shrimp broodstock Signup and view all the answers

Which function is NOT performed by the fish health laboratories as described in FAO 220?

Performing fish breeding programs Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary responsibility of the fish health laboratories as per FAO 220?

Conducting disease surveillance and reporting Signup and view all the answers

Under FAO 220, what kind of analysis is expected from fish health laboratories?

Water quality analysis related to diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation on the importation of shrimp broodstock mentioned in FAO 225?

Import shall be limited only to broodstock shrimps Signup and view all the answers

What type of charges are outlined in FAO 220 regarding fish health laboratory operations?

Fees for disease diagnostics services Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT indicated as a technical support function of the fish health laboratories?

Inspection of aquaculture processing plants Signup and view all the answers

What kind of investigations do fish health laboratories conduct according to FAO 220?

Fish kill investigations Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of on-site visits conducted by fish health laboratories?

To conduct health assessments and diagnose problems Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Republic Act No. 10654

Amends the Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998 to enhance penalties for illegal fishing.
Introduces stricter management measures for fishery resources to reduce environmental degradation.
The Department of Agriculture (DA) and Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) set rental fees for Fishpond Lease Agreements (FLA).

Jurisdiction and Rights in Municipal Waters

Municipalities manage municipal waters, consulting with the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Council (FARMC).
Municipalities can enact fisheries ordinances and enforce fishery laws.
Registered fishermen and their organizations have priority access to municipal waters, determined via the Registry of Municipal Fisherfolk.

Prohibited Acts

Unauthorized fishing activities are prohibited without prior Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).
All development projects require submission of Environmental Impact Statements (EIS) for evaluation.

Republic Act No. 9147

Aims to conserve wildlife species and habitats, including those impacted by aquaculture.
Regulates the introduction of non-native species to protect indigenous wildlife populations.

Republic Act No. 8435 (AFMA)

Focuses on the modernization and sustainable development of agriculture and fisheries sectors.
Promotes sustainable aquaculture practices to enhance productivity and minimize environmental impact.

Aquaculture Practices

States a maximum of 10% of suitable water surface area in lakes/rivers may be allocated for aquaculture.
Emphasizes methods to boost production while ensuring long-term viability.

Republic Act No. 8550 (Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998)

Contains provisions regarding prohibited fishing activities, fines, and penalties (specifics found in Section 103).

Fisheries Administrative Orders (FAO)

FAO 243 includes guidelines for breeding and culture practices for Pangasius highlighting the importance of evaluating water quality and climatological records.
Stipulates optimal stocking densities and usage of healthy fry from certified hatcheries.

Feed Management

Best practices for feed selection emphasize high utilization rates and nutritional balance to reduce waste and pollution.

FAO 215: Insurance for Aquaculture

Provides guidelines regarding crop/stock insurance for aquaculture projects.
Terms such as “assured” and “force majeure” are defined, highlighting protection against natural disasters.

FAO 214: Code of Practice for Aquaculture

Outlines principles for environmentally-sound aquaculture design and operation.
Covers aspects like site selection, water management, and stock health management.

Key Sections of FAO 214

Includes definitions, site evaluation, farm design, water usage, discharge management, drug usage, stocking practices, and more.

These notes encapsulate the essential points regarding environmental and fisheries laws relevant to aquaculture, emphasizing the legislative measures aimed at sustainable practices and resource management.

Monodon Broodstock Facilities

Facilities producing Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) or Specific Pathogen Resistant (SPR) broodstock and post-larvae for Penaeus monodon must be verified.
Facilities must have a documented breeding program and certification of disease-free status for at least two years.

Pre-Border Biosecurity Measures (FAO 230-1)

Importers must select SPF/SPR facilities that provide a detailed disease history.
Samples from the specific stock lot must be sent to a recognized Shrimp Disease Diagnostic Laboratory for testing.
Samples tested for pathogens include:
- Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV)
- White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV)
- Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV)
- Yellow Head Virus Disease (YHVD)
- Hepatopancreatic Parvo-like Virus (HPV)
- Monodon Baculo Virus (MBV)
An import permit will only be issued if all pre-border biosecurity documents are compliant.

Shellfish Toxicity Regulations (FAO 235)

Saxitoxin from species like Pyrodinium bahamense affects the nervous system by blocking sodium channels.
Shellfish Advisory alerts to areas unsafe for consumption due to toxic red tide.
A regulatory limit is set at 60 µg STX equivalent per 100g of shellfish meat for domestic and foreign markets.
Toxic levels of 60 µg/STX equivalent or more indicate positivity for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP).

Monitoring Shellfish Poisons

Regular surveys of major shellfish areas are conducted, especially near historical PSP zones.
Monitoring includes a bi-weekly survey of Manila Bay and increased sampling during seasonal transitions.
Analysis of shellfish and water samples determines toxin content and the presence of PSP-causing organisms.

Fish Health Laboratories Operations (FAO 220)

The laboratories perform diagnoses, water quality analyses, and provide technical advice on fish health.
They conduct surveillance, on-site visits, and quality control support for aquaculture products.
Laboratories must have proper infrastructure, safety measures, and adequate resources for analysis.

Reporting and Insurance Regulations (FAO 218, 215)

Operators are required to report annual production details by January 31 to the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources.
Guidelines for aquaculture crop insurance protect against unforeseen events like natural disasters and accidental damages.

Code of Practice for Aquaculture (FAO 214)

Establishes principles for sustainable aquaculture development.
Covers site selection, farm design, water usage, management of discharges, and health practices for fish.
Includes sections on the use of drugs, chemicals, feed management, and the introduction of exotic species and GMOs.

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Description

This quiz covers the amendments made to the Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998, particularly focusing on Republic Act No. 10654. It highlights the strengthened measures against illegal fishing and the enhanced management of fishery resources, including aquaculture practices aimed at preventing environmental degradation.