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What was the Compromise of 1877?
What was the Compromise of 1877?
What did the 15th Amendment establish?
What did the 15th Amendment establish?
Voting rights regardless of race or color.
What is the main provision of the 14th Amendment?
What is the main provision of the 14th Amendment?
All people are citizens and states cannot deprive any citizen of life, liberty, or property.
What does the 13th Amendment address?
What does the 13th Amendment address?
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What was the outcome of the end of Congressional Reconstruction?
What was the outcome of the end of Congressional Reconstruction?
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What were the Black Codes?
What were the Black Codes?
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What did the Civil Rights Act of 1866 accomplish?
What did the Civil Rights Act of 1866 accomplish?
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Johnson's impeachment trial was influenced by his veto of the ______.
Johnson's impeachment trial was influenced by his veto of the ______.
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What was the Tenure of Office Act?
What was the Tenure of Office Act?
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Who were the Redeemers?
Who were the Redeemers?
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What is sharecropping?
What is sharecropping?
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What were the accomplishments of Reconstruction governments?
What were the accomplishments of Reconstruction governments?
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What did the Wade-Davis Bill propose?
What did the Wade-Davis Bill propose?
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Who were the Radical Republican leaders?
Who were the Radical Republican leaders?
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What was the purpose of the Freedman's Bureau?
What was the purpose of the Freedman's Bureau?
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What was the significance of '40 Acres and a Mule'?
What was the significance of '40 Acres and a Mule'?
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What was Johnson's Reconstruction Plan characterized by?
What was Johnson's Reconstruction Plan characterized by?
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Lincoln's 10% Plan required ______ of citizens to take a loyalty oath for readmission.
Lincoln's 10% Plan required ______ of citizens to take a loyalty oath for readmission.
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Study Notes
Compromise of 1877
- Settled the 1876 presidential election dispute between Rutherford B. Hayes and Samuel J. Tilden.
- Ended the Reconstruction Era by withdrawing federal troops from Southern states.
- Allowed "Redeemer" Democrats to regain control after Republican state governments lost military support.
- Sometimes referred to by African American historians as "The Great Betrayal."
13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments
- 13th Amendment: Abolished slavery in the United States.
- 14th Amendment: Established citizenship for all born in the U.S. and prohibited states from depriving individuals of life, liberty, or property without due process.
- 15th Amendment: Ensured voting rights for all U.S. citizens regardless of race or color.
End of Congressional Reconstruction
- Involved a compromise between Republican and Democratic parties following the controversial 1876 election.
Black Codes
- Laws enacted by Southern states post-Civil War that restricted rights of newly freed slaves.
Civil Rights Act of 1866
- Prohibited discrimination based on color, race, religion, sex, or national origin.
Johnson's Impeachment Trial
- Triggered by vetoes of Freedmen's Bureau, Civil Rights Act of 1866, and Reconstruction Act of 1867.
- Opposition to the 14th Amendment and his violation of the Tenure of Office Act contributed to his impeachment.
Tenure of Office Act
- Required presidential approval from the Senate to remove appointed officials; led to Andrew Johnson's impeachment.
Redeemers
- Former slave owners who opposed Republican reforms and sought to regain control of Southern governments.
- Their ideology was rooted in racism and white supremacy, leading to increased violence against African Americans.
Sharecropping
- System where African Americans and poor whites worked land owned by others for minimal pay or a share of the crops.
Congressional Reconstruction for African Americans
- Radical Republicans implemented military enforcement to protect the rights of African Americans post-Civil War.
Accomplishments of Reconstruction Governments
- Introduced progressive ideas countering previous societal norms, separating religion from state and ending hereditary privileges.
Wade-Davis Bill
- Proposed a stricter reconstruction requiring 50% loyalty oaths from voters in Confederate states; vetoed by Lincoln.
Radical Republican Leaders
- Key figures included Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens who advocated for stronger protections for African Americans.
Freedman's Bureau
- Established in 1865 to assist former slaves in adjusting to freedom, providing food, clothing, and job support.
40 Acres and A Mule
- Policy that promised African Americans 40 acres of land and a mule as a way to repatriate and support them post-emancipation.
Johnson's Reconstruction Plan
- Offered pardons to individuals taking loyalty oaths and aimed to penalize plantation owners, requiring states to abolish slavery for readmission.
Lincoln's 10% Plan
- Proposed re-admittance of former Confederate states if 10% of voters showed loyalty to the Union and ratified the 13th Amendment; not enacted due to Lincoln's assassination.
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Description
Explore the Compromise of 1877, a pivotal moment in U.S. history that ended the Reconstruction Era and determined the outcome of the 1876 presidential election. This quiz will provide insights into the key figures involved and the implications of this agreement on Southern politics.
