APUSH Chapter 9 Flashcards

Study Notes

Revolutionary Society and Governance

Society of Cincinnati was formed by Revolutionary war officers, creating a perceived aristocracy that threatened democratic ideals.
Thomas Jefferson's efforts to disband the Society highlighted the commitment to preserving republican values.

Civic Engagement

Civic Virtue refers to active participation in community improvement, reflecting a commitment beyond personal obligations.

Role of Women

Republican Motherhood elevated women's status as essential for the moral education of future citizens, highlighting their importance in fostering national values.

Founding Documents

The Articles of Confederation was the first governing document of the US, establishing states as independent entities with limited federal authority, lacking taxation power.

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

Federalists, led by figures like Hamilton and Adams, advocated for a strong national government and opposed the Bill of Rights, believing the Constitution sufficiently protected rights.
Anti-Federalists, including Jefferson and Patrick Henry, opposed the Constitution fearing excessive federal power; they influenced the eventual adoption of the Bill of Rights.

Settlement and Land Policy

The Old Northwest, particularly the Ohio River valley, became a prosperous settlement region, driving economic growth in the early 1800s.
The Land Ordinance of 1785 established a land sale system, promoting settlement and development.
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 outlined state creation and admission processes while prohibiting slavery in new territories.

Domestic Instability

Shay's Rebellion (1786-87) revealed the weaknesses of the Articles, showcasing the federal government's inability to act against insurrections and prompting calls for reform.

Constitutional Reformation

The Constitutional Convention convened in 1787 to revise the Articles and instead produced the US Constitution.
The Virginia Plan proposed a strong central government with population-based legislative representation, while the New Jersey Plan advocated for equal representation regardless of state size.
The Great Compromise merged these plans, creating a bicameral legislature with representation based on population in one house and equal representation in the other.

Legal Foundations and Compromises

Common Law comprises judicial rulings that shape legal frameworks over time.
The Three-Fifths Compromise determined that enslaved individuals would count as three-fifths of a person for congressional representation.

Propaganda and Public Opinion

The Federalist Papers were influential writings arguing for the Constitution, addressing anti-Federalist concerns, authored primarily by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay.

Historical Convention

The Philadelphia Convention, led by George Washington, saw representation from all states except Rhode Island and produced the US Constitution after extensive deliberation.

Structure of Power

Federalism defines the division of power between national and state governments, balancing authority in governance.

Influential Figures

Thomas Jefferson, a Virginian polymath, served as author of the Declaration of Independence and as the third US president.
Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury, promoted financial strategies including a national bank and tariff systems to manage national debt.

Description

Test your knowledge on Chapter 9 of 'The American Pageant' with these flashcards focusing on key terms and concepts. Understand the implications of the Society of Cincinnati and its relevance to the early American republic. Perfect for APUSH students looking to reinforce their learning.