Questions and Answers
What was the outcome of the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917?
What happened during the Seattle General Strike of 1919?
What was the 'Red Scare' from 1919 to 1920?
Who was A. Mitchell Palmer?
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What were Sacco and Vanzetti convicted of?
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What was the Ku Klux Klan known for?
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What was the purpose of the 1921 Emergency Quota Act?
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What did the 1924 Immigration Act change in immigration policy?
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What did the Eighteenth Amendment (1919) outlaw?
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What was the Volstead Act?
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What were speakeasies?
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Who was Al Capone?
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What principle did Professor John Dewey advocate in education?
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Religious fundamentalists rejected the teachings of __________.
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What was the outcome of the 'monkey trial' involving John Scopes?
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Who was William Jennings Bryan?
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What was Babe Ruth known for?
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What did the Model 'T' represent?
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Who were the Wright Brothers?
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Guglielmo Marconi invented the __________.
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Who was Thomas A. Edison?
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What was the significance of 'The Jazz Singer' released in 1927?
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What was the Harlem Renaissance?
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What does 'speculation' refer to in financial terms?
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What does buying 'on margin' mean?
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What is meant by the National Debt?
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Who was Andrew W. Mellon?
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Study Notes
Historical Events and Movements
- Bolshevik Revolution (1917) led to the overthrow of Russia's government, giving rise to the Communist Party in America and inciting public unrest.
- Seattle General Strike (1919) saw 35,000 shipyard workers demand better wages and hours; however, the strike was labeled a Russian plot and ended without gains for the workers.
- The "Red Scare" (1919-1920) emerged from fear of communism post-Bolshevik Revolution, prompting a nationwide movement against perceived anti-American individuals.
Notable Figures
- A. Mitchell Palmer, as Attorney General, initiated a campaign against suspected radicals and established the general intelligence division which later became the FBI.
- Sacco and Vanzetti, a shoe factory worker and a fish peddler, faced execution based on biased prosecution against their immigrant status and radical beliefs.
- William Jennings Bryan, a prominent lawyer and politician, prosecuted John Scopes during the "monkey trial," symbolizing a clash between science and religion.
Legislative Acts and Social Changes
- 1921 Emergency Quota Act limited immigration to a maximum of 3% based on the 1910 census data.
- 1924 Immigration Act further restricted immigration to 2%, using 1890 census data.
- Eighteenth Amendment (1919) prohibited the production, sale, and transportation of alcohol, enforced by the Volstead Act.
Cultural Impact
- Prohibition led to the rise of "speakeasies," secret bars for illegal alcohol, and gangsters like Al Capone who dominated organized crime.
- The Harlem Renaissance celebrated African American culture through literature and art, with figures such as Langston Hughes making significant contributions.
- Jazz music became a defining cultural element of the 1920s, reflecting the era's vibrant social scene.
Literary Contributions
- F. Scott Fitzgerald's works like The Great Gatsby captured the essence of the "Jazz Age."
- Ernest Hemingway became known for his novels, including "The Sun Also Rises," illustrating the disillusionment of post-war society.
- Sinclair Lewis and William Faulkner offered societal critiques through their narratives, addressing the American middle class and southern life respectively.
Innovations and Technology
- Henry Ford revolutionized automobile production with mass production techniques and the Model T, making cars accessible to the public.
- The Wright Brothers invented the airplane, transforming transportation.
- Guglielmo Marconi's invention of the radio changed communication and entertainment.
Societal Trends
- "Flappers" embodied the shift toward more liberated women's roles during the 1920s, demonstrating changes in social norms.
- Religious fundamentalism rejected scientific theories like Darwinism, resulting in high-profile court battles like the Scopes Trial.
- The concept of "speculation" emerged as a risky investment strategy during rapidly changing economic times, alongside buying "on margin" practices leading to financial instability.
Key Concepts
- National Debt represents the accumulation of government deficits over time.
- Frank Lloyd Wright's architectural vision pioneered a new style emphasizing geometric shapes and integration with nature.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key events and figures from Chapter 31 of AP United States History. This flashcard set covers significant topics like the Bolshevik Revolution and the Seattle General Strike. Perfect for students preparing for their APUSH exams.