Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the Ohio idea?
What is the Ohio idea?
The idea that greenbacks should be exchanged for gold, in order to keep the interest rates low on poorer farmers.
Who were 'Jubilee Jim' Fisk and Jay Gould?
Who were 'Jubilee Jim' Fisk and Jay Gould?
They devised a plot to raise the price of the gold market in 1869.
What happened on Black Friday?
What happened on Black Friday?
It was the collapse of the market as a result of the Fisk and Gould scandal on September 24, 1869.
Who was Boss Tweed?
Who was Boss Tweed?
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What was the Credit Mobilier Scandal?
What was the Credit Mobilier Scandal?
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What did the Whiskey Ring do?
What did the Whiskey Ring do?
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Who was William Belknap?
Who was William Belknap?
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What did the Liberal Republican Party oppose?
What did the Liberal Republican Party oppose?
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Who was Horace Greeley?
Who was Horace Greeley?
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What caused the Panic of 1873?
What caused the Panic of 1873?
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What did the Resumption Act of 1875 require?
What did the Resumption Act of 1875 require?
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What was meant by Contraction in this context?
What was meant by Contraction in this context?
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Who was Rutherford B. Hayes?
Who was Rutherford B. Hayes?
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Who was Samuel J. Tilden?
Who was Samuel J. Tilden?
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What was the Compromise of 1877?
What was the Compromise of 1877?
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What did the Electoral Count Act of 1877 establish?
What did the Electoral Count Act of 1877 establish?
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What was the significance of the Civil Rights cases decision?
What was the significance of the Civil Rights cases decision?
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Who were the Redeemers?
Who were the Redeemers?
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What was the crop lien system?
What was the crop lien system?
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What were Jim Crow laws?
What were Jim Crow laws?
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What was the outcome of Plessy v. Ferguson?
What was the outcome of Plessy v. Ferguson?
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What was The Great Railroad Strike?
What was The Great Railroad Strike?
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Who was Denis Kearney?
Who was Denis Kearney?
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What did the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 do?
What did the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 do?
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What is James A. Garfield known for?
What is James A. Garfield known for?
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Study Notes
Economic Policies and Scandals
- Ohio Idea: Advocated for greenbacks to be exchanged for gold to maintain low-interest rates for poorer farmers.
- Fisk and Gould Plot: Strategized to inflate gold prices in 1869, leading to "Black Friday" on September 24 when market collapsed after the Treasury sold gold to counter the price manipulation.
- Credit Mobilier Scandal: Union Pacific Railroad insiders created a construction company at inflated costs, earning large dividends, and bribed officials to remain silent about their illicit activities.
Political Corruption and Complications
- Boss Tweed: Used bribery and fraud to siphon off $200 million from New York, eventually imprisoned for his schemes.
- Whiskey Ring: A group exploited their positions to smuggle whiskey and evade taxes, cheating the Treasury out of millions.
- William Belknap: Resigned as Secretary of War after accepting bribes from suppliers for Indian reservations.
Political Movements and Elections
- Liberal Republican Party: Formed in response to political corruption; nominated Horace Greeley for president in 1872, leading to the passage of a general amnesty act.
- Horace Greeley: The presidential candidate for the Liberal Republican Party in 1872.
- Panic of 1873: Triggered by over-speculation and inability to pay back loans, leading to widespread economic distress.
Legislative Actions
- Resumption Act of 1875: Initiated withdrawal of greenbacks and required redemption of all paper currency in gold starting in 1879.
- Electoral Count Act of 1877: Established an electoral commission to resolve the disputed 1876 election, favoring Republicans without opening ballots from contested states.
Civil Rights and Racial Dynamics
- Civil Rights Cases Decision: Supreme Court ruling that allowed for segregation, asserting the 14th Amendment only prohibited government denial of rights.
- Redeemers: White Democrats who regained control and actively suppressed the Black community.
- Jim Crow Laws: Enforced racial segregation in public spaces.
Labor Movements and Immigration
- Crop Lien System: Storekeepers offered credit to small farmers, taking liens on their harvests, perpetuating debt cycles.
- Plessy v. Ferguson: Supreme Court upheld legality of segregation in public facilities as long as they were "equal."
- The Great Railroad Strike of 1877: Massive labor strike resulting in over a hundred deaths after federal troops were deployed to restore order.
Anti-Asian Sentiment
- Denis Kearney: Irish leader who incited violence against Chinese immigrants.
- Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882: Prohibited further immigration from China, reflecting growing nativism.
Notable Figures
- Rutherford B. Hayes: Republican presidential candidate in the contentious election of 1876.
- Samuel J. Tilden: Democratic presidential candidate opposing Hayes in 1876.
- Compromise of 1877: Agreement that concluded military Reconstruction in exchange for Republican votes in the election.
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Description
Explore key concepts from Chapter 23 of APUSH through flashcards. This quiz covers important historical ideas such as the Ohio idea and the actions of 'Jubilee Jim' Fisk and Jay Gould in the gold market. Test your knowledge of these significant events and their impact on American history.