APUSH Chapter 20 Vocabulary

Study Notes

Newlands Reclamation Act

Enacted in 1902, supported by President Theodore Roosevelt.
Allowed the federal government to sell public lands to fund irrigation projects.
Aimed to expand agriculture in arid regions across the United States.

Wisconsin Idea

Promoted by Republican Governor Robert La Follette of Wisconsin.
Advocated for increased government involvement in the economy.
Relied on experts and economists for policy recommendations.

Recall

A progressive political innovation first implemented in states like Wisconsin, Oregon, and California.
Enabled citizens to remove elected officials from office through a voting process.
Empowered public to hold politicians accountable.

Referendum

A progressive reform allowing voters to decide directly on proposed policy measures.
Shifted decision-making power from elected legislators to the electorate.
Enhanced democratic participation in governance.

National Child Labor Committee

A reform organization focused on lobbying for a federal law against child labor.
Worked to raise awareness about the exploitation of children in the workforce.
Faced challenges and was ultimately unsuccessful in its primary objective.

Muller v. Oregon

A pivotal 1908 Supreme Court case that upheld the Oregon law restricting women's workdays to 10 hours.
Cited women's health and motherhood as justification for limiting work hours.
Set a precedent for considering social justice in labor laws.

Talented Tenth

A concept introduced by W.E.B. Du Bois, referring to the top 10% of educated African Americans.
Advocated for this group to develop strategies for civil rights advocacy.
Emphasized the importance of education and leadership within the African American community.

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Founded in 1910 by African American reformers and white allies.
Aimed to promote and advocate for the civil rights of African Americans.
Utilized legal action and the courts as a primary means of fighting for equality.

Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)

Established in 1905, the IWW focused on organizing unskilled workers.
Opposed capitalism and sought to unite all workers for better conditions.
Recognized for its radical approaches to labor rights and social justice.

New Nationalism

Articulated by Theodore Roosevelt in a 1910 speech.
Called for proactive government measures to improve public welfare.
Included proposals for federal labor laws, women's suffrage, child labor protections, and enhanced labor rights.

Federal Reserve Act

Created the central banking system of the United States in 1913.
Established a framework for regulating monetary policy and financial institutions.
Aimed to provide economic stability and control inflation.

Clayton Antitrust Act

Enacted in 1914 to strengthen antitrust laws against monopolies.
Empowered the Justice Department to pursue companies engaging in anti-competitive practices.
Protected labor unions from prosecution under antitrust regulations.

Theodore Roosevelt

26th President of the United States, noted for progressive reforms.
Advocated for trust-busting, conservation, and the regulation of food safety.
Instrumental in the construction of the Panama Canal and negotiated peace in the Russo-Japanese War.

Robert La Follette

Prominent political reformer and advocate for restoring democracy in the U.S.
Championed citizen involvement and government accountability.
Known for his initiative to challenge political corruption and monopolies.

Eugene V. Debs

Socialist candidate who ran for President against Taft, Roosevelt, and Wilson.
Garnered around 900,000 votes, highlighting the growing labor movement.
Emphasized social justice and workers' rights during his campaigns.

Description

This quiz focuses on key vocabulary terms from APUSH Chapter 20, exploring significant laws and policies such as the Newlands Reclamation Act and the Wisconsin Idea. Test your knowledge and understanding of these important concepts in American history.