Writing Two
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Questions and Answers

What is one advantage of the traditional approach to writing assignments?

  • It provides immediate feedback during the writing process.
  • It encourages collaborative writing among students.
  • It helps teachers keep records of marks and student progress. (correct)
  • It allows for more interactive learning during class time.

    • The traditional approach focuses on teaching writing rather than testing it.

    False

    What is a potential drawback of providing vague feedback like 'Watch your tenses!'?

    It does not give students clear guidance on how to improve their writing.

    The drawback of focusing solely on the final product in writing assignments is that it does not represent a __________ process.

    <p>learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the approach to its primary focus:

    <p>Traditional Approach = Emphasizes testing rather than teaching Learner-focused Approach = Encourages collaborative learning and revision Immediate Feedback = Provides instant corrections during writing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a suggested modification to make writing assignments more learner-focused?

    <p>Incorporate class time for planning and drafting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Class time should be solely for marking students' written work.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be an initial stage of the homework task in a learner-focused approach?

    <p>Drafting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the extent to which language follows the 'rules' of the standard variety of a language?

    <p>Accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Coherence is concerned with the logical progression of ideas within a text.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a paragraph?

    <p>A subdivision of a larger text comprised of a number of sentences, usually starting with a topic sentence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A learner's language can be considered complex if it shows features of more advanced usage than the _____ level.

    <p>basic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Accuracy = The extent to which language follows the rules of standard usage Complexity = Features of more advanced language usage Cohesion = The connectivity between sentences and ideas in a text Coherence = The logical flow and sense of a text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of task achievement in writing?

    <p>To effectively address the writing prompt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Conferencing refers to the ability to create logically connected paragraphs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cohesion refer to in writing?

    <p>The connectivity between sentences and ideas in a text.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one disadvantage of the process writing approach?

    <p>It spends a lot of time on a single piece.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using a model text guarantees that students will not make vocabulary errors.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the authors White and Arndt (1991) suggest regarding drafts in process writing?

    <p>Students will produce three drafts for each piece of writing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The main focus in a genre approach is on ______ type and appropriacy of content.

    <p>text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following categories of marking criteria with their descriptions:

    <p>Task achievement = Effect on the reader Organisation = Clarity of structure Accuracy = Grammar, lexis, spelling Presentation = Neatness and handwriting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of Example 1 marking criteria?

    <p>Grammatical errors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Process writing is considered more efficient for all types of writing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of writing should be well-developed to achieve task achievement?

    <p>Detail about the subject</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may students need more help with when writing at lower levels?

    <p>Accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using contractions is appropriate in formal writing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one strength noted in the student's use of language?

    <p>Good lexical phrases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In writing evaluation, students should clearly understand what each ______ relates to.

    <p>category</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In writing, the use of __________ devices is essential for linking ideas.

    <p>cohesive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique can help to avoid errors during the free writing stage?

    <p>Utilizing a model text in earlier stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following aspects of writing with their corresponding strengths or weaknesses:

    <p>Task achievement = Vague information Appropriacy of style = Mixed opinion and information Organisation and cohesion = Clear sequencing of ideas Accuracy of grammar = Spelling errors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Creative pieces of writing should emphasize correct grammar over content quality.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended approach in teaching students about writing?

    <p>Incorporating learner training activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many drafts are suggested before submitting a piece for grading?

    <p>Three drafts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Feedback should focus mainly on language use rather than the development of writing ability.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Students may struggle with ______ when they copy without really understanding what they are writing.

    <p>vocabulary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in a good writing task to enhance understanding?

    <p>Clear criteria for assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Teachers need to engage in __________ meetings to standardize their marking practices.

    <p>standardisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which grammatical error is highlighted in the content?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Spelling errors have no impact on the overall quality of writing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way to engage students in understanding the value of writing feedback?

    <p>Using questionnaires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The student’s writing showed a __________ of connectors in the fourth paragraph.

    <p>lack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Tricia Hedge suggest for improving consistency in marking?

    <p>Standardised policy document</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of writing conferences?

    <p>To provide one-on-one support during the writing process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A peer evaluation should occur without any structure or guidance.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should students do after discussing 'good writing' criteria?

    <p>Look at and improve their own drafts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The checklist for writing should include pointers on content, ________, and language.

    <p>organisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following writing elements with their descriptions:

    <p>Content = Relevance to genre and intended reader Organisation = Logical flow and paragraph structure Language = Variety in vocabulary and style Feedback = Guidance on improving writing skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an important criterion for good writing?

    <p>Usage of colorful illustrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Students should only focus on grammatical errors when receiving feedback.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a writing conference, what kind of support might a teacher provide?

    <p>Support with organization of ideas, language assistance, and extending students' thinking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The order of information in writing should be ________.

    <p>logical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an effective first step in creating a checklist for writing?

    <p>Discuss criteria for good writing as a group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Students should not evaluate their peers' work to improve their own writing skills.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What model for writing improvement involves identifying and correcting issues within one's own work?

    <p>Self-evaluation or self-reflection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Headings in a text should be used ________.

    <p>appropriately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the term 'purpose' in writing?

    <p>The main point the writer is trying to communicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Good writing is solely based on originality of ideas.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Approaches to Responding to Students' Writing

    • Traditional approach: Teachers set homework, collect, mark by underlining/circling errors, correcting, commenting (e.g., "Watch your past tenses"), and giving a mark.
    • Advantages: Common, reflects solitary writing, frees class time for interactive activities, practical for record-keeping, allows self-correction and new language input.
    • Disadvantages: Emphasizes testing over teaching, assesses final product, no support during writing process, students may not learn from feedback, vague feedback is unhelpful.
    • Alternative approaches: In-class planning/drafting, homework as initial draft with teacher feedback, class time for error analysis/questioning, model text approach (lead-up activities help avoid errors).
    • Effectiveness of model text approach: Usually successful if students follow the model; vocabulary issues possible with different topics; may indicate copying without understanding.
    • Process approach: Constant support/feedback throughout, multiple drafts, teacher, peers, and students provide feedback. Disadvantages include time-consuming, not suitable for all students/genres, less efficient for structured genres.
    • Genre approach: Lead-up may be product- or process-oriented; emphasis on text type, content, style to reduce errors.

    Criteria for Assessing Students' Writing

    • Importance of understanding criteria by teachers and students, and school-wide uniformity.
    • Criteria examples:
      • Task achievement, reader effect
      • Appropriateness of style and genre
      • Organization, cohesion, punctuation
      • Range/complexity of grammar and lexis
      • Accuracy of grammar, lexis, spelling
      • Interest/force of content, development of ideas, audience sense, style.
      • General development: grammatical skills, sentence complexity, vocabulary, spelling, punctuation, presentation
      • Content (relevance, interest, organization, coherence), audience sense/purpose, appropriateness, task achievement (content, register, layout, length), range, accuracy.
    • Importance of criteria varies by genre (e.g., creative vs. formal). Lower levels may focus more on accuracy, organization may be simpler. Simplification to fewer categories (e.g., language and content) for lower levels.

    Evaluation of Student Writing Sample

    • Task achievement: Strengths: Good person selection, generally intelligible, interesting. Weaknesses: Incomplete task, insufficient detail, not enough information for book format.
    • Appropriacy of Style and Content to Genre: Strengths: Attention-grabbing conditional use. Weaknesses: Mix of opinion and information; contractions inappropriate for formal writing.
    • Organization and Cohesion: Strengths: Introduction, chronological information, paragraphs structuring ideas. Weaknesses: Insufficient use of cohesive devices.
    • Range and complexity of grammar and lexis: Strengths: Good lexical phrases, varied structures, varied tenses, linking words. Weaknesses: Limited lexis, awkward language due to lack of connectors.
    • Accuracy of grammar, lexis, and spelling: Strengths: Appropriate tenses, linking words, good spelling and most punctuation. Weaknesses: Incorrect collocations, grammatical inaccuracies (subject-verb agreement, word order, missing articles), lexical errors (unfamiliar colloquialisms), spelling errors.

    Raising Student Awareness

    • Importance of clear criteria and standardized approach for teachers, and understanding for students, for feedback to become a learning process.
    • Feedback often evaluative (language use), should be formative (developing writing ability).
    • Learner training activities:
      • Questionnaires: Assess writing importance, types, and feedback.
      • Reformulating: Practice feedback through paired/grouped drafts, teacher rewrite, discussion.
      • Conferencing: Individualized writing support/feedback during process.
      • Establishing Good Writing: Discuss ingredients of good writing, analyze authentic texts (or anonymous student writing).
      • Peer evaluation: Students evaluate each other’s work, needs structured guidelines.
      • Checklists: Students develop own criteria for improvement, personalized feedback.

    Terminology Review

    • Task Achievement: Extent to which a writing task fulfills its purpose.
    • Conferencing: Individualized teacher support during the writing process.
    • Cohesion: Logical ordering of a text using grammatical/lexical means.
    • Accuracy: Following language rules of a standard variety.
    • Complexity: Advanced language use beyond basic.
    • Paragraph: Subdivisions of a text containing sentences, often with a topic sentence.
    • Coherence: Text making logical sense.

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    Description

    This quiz explores various methods teachers use to respond to students' writing, including traditional and alternative approaches. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these methods and highlights effective strategies such as model texts. Engage with key concepts that influence student feedback and engagement in the writing process.

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