Applied Biosciences: Introduction to Illness
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of tissue degeneration?

  • Excessive Strain
  • Ageing
  • Infection (correct)
  • Physical Trauma

    • What is the fundamental cause of genetic disorders?

  • Abnormal immune response
  • Abnormal changes in the blood and/or vessel walls
  • Inability to process nutrients
  • Mutation in genes (correct)

    • What is the primary function of proteins in the body?

  • To provide structural support for cells and tissues
  • To catalyze biochemical reactions
  • To transport molecules across cell membranes
  • All of the above (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT considered a disease/injury process?

    <p>Stress Response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of an abnormal immune response?

    <p>Hypersensitivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the difference between pathophysiology and pathogenesis?

    <p>Pathophysiology examines the changes in normal physiology due to disease, while pathogenesis examines the events leading to the disease. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to a disease that manifests at birth?

    <p>Congenital (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a common cause of disease?

    <p>Psychological factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term "aetiology" refer to within the context of disease?

    <p>The study of the causes of disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a characteristic of an acute disease?

    <p>Usually chronic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a symptom and a sign?

    <p>A symptom is a subjective experience, while a sign is an objective observation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios exemplifies an acquired disease?

    <p>A patient developing pneumonia after surgery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A collection of signs and symptoms that occur together is referred to as a:

    <p>Syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Inflammation

    Body's tissue response to injury or infection characterized by redness and swelling.

    Ionising Radiation

    Radiation that has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms, causing damage.

    Tumours

    Masses formed by the abnormal proliferation of cells, can be benign or malignant.

    Metabolic Disorders

    Conditions where the body cannot properly process nutrients, e.g., diabetes.

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    Genetic Mutations

    Changes in genes that can result in dysfunctional proteins and disorders.

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    Aetiology

    The cause of a disease or illness.

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    Pathology

    The study of the nature of disease.

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    Pathogenesis

    The development of a disease process.

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    Pathophysiology

    Study of changes to normal physiology caused by disease.

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    Prognosis

    A likely outcome of a disease.

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    Acute disease

    A disease with a sudden onset.

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    Chronic disease

    A long-standing disease process, often incurable.

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    Congenital disease

    A disease present at birth.

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    Study Notes

    Introduction to the Study of Illness

    • Course: Applied Biosciences for Nursing Practice 1
    • Instructor: Natasha Price
    • Date: September 2024

    Session Aims

    • Define key terms related to illness and associated terminology
    • Identify common causative factors for disease
    • Understand key disease and injury processes

    Defining the Terms

    • Aetiology: The cause of a disease or illness
    • Pathology: The study of the nature of disease
    • Pathogenesis: The development of a disease process
    • Pathophysiology: The study of changes to normal physiology caused by disease
    • Prognosis: A likely outcome of a disease

    Illness: Associated Terminology

    • Acute: Sudden onset of a disease
    • Chronic: Long-lasting, often incurable disease process
    • Symptom: An abnormality reported by a patient
    • Sign: An abnormality observed by others
    • Syndrome: A collection of co-occurring signs and symptoms
    • Congenital: A disease present at birth
    • Acquired: A disease that develops after birth

    Causes of Disease (Aetiology)

    • Genetic: Inherited or acquired (e.g., cystic fibrosis, cancer)
    • Infection: Invasion by pathogens (e.g., bacteria, viruses, parasites)
    • Chemical: Exposure (e.g., asbestos, smoking)
    • Ionizing Radiation: Exposure to radiation (e.g., X-rays, CT scans)
    • Physical Trauma: Injury
    • Degeneration: Ageing, excessive strain (e.g., osteoarthritis)

    Disease/Injury Processes

    • Inflammation: Tissue response to damage or infection
    • Tumors: Abnormal cell proliferation
    • Abnormal Immune Response: Undesirable response of the immune system
    • Thrombosis, Embolism, Infarct: Abnormal changes in blood vessels
    • Degeneration: Normal ageing or increased deterioration of structure or function
    • Metabolic: Inability to process nutrients (e.g., diabetes)
    • Genetic: Mutation of genes leading to malfunction of proteins

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    Introduction to the Study of Illness - Applied Biosciences for Nursing Practice 1 PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts related to illness, including definitions and terminology essential for nursing practice. It explores aetiology, pathology, pathogenesis, and pathophysiology, along with common factors and processes associated with diseases. Prepare to deepen your understanding of disease and injury processes critical to patient care.

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