Applications of Capacitors

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What is the relationship between voltage and current in a capacitor-resistor circuit?

Voltage leads current by 90 degrees

Voltage lags current by 90 degrees (correct)

Voltage and current are inversely proportional

Voltage and current are in phase

In a DC power supply, what role do capacitors play in converting AC to DC?

Capacitors convert AC to DC directly

Capacitors regulate the voltage output

Capacitors store energy during AC peaks (correct)

Capacitors act as resistors in the conversion process

What is the purpose of a full wave rectifier in converting AC to DC?

To store energy in capacitors

To convert negative cycle to positive cycle (correct)

To reduce the voltage

To introduce resistance in the circuit

How does a capacitor store energy as the potential difference rises?

By storing charge on its plates (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a capacitor after it has been charged and the power supply disconnected?

The capacitor undergoes a discharge process (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are capacitors used in UPSs (uninterrupted power supplies)?

To maintain a constant power supply during fluctuations (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the power supply is disconnected in a capacitor-resistor circuit?

Electrons repel each other, flow around the circuit, and dissipate electric energy as heat in the resistor. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the charges on the negative and positive plates of a capacitor have equilibrated?

There is no longer any potential difference across the capacitor. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does the discharging time of a capacitor depend on the resistance in the discharging circuit?

The lower the resistance, the faster the discharging process occurs. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does Ohm's law state about the relationship between current and resistance?

Current is indirectly proportional to resistance. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does a larger capacitance affect the charge stored per unit potential difference in a capacitor?

It increases the charge stored per unit potential difference. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the current flow when the charge on the plates of a capacitor reaches zero?

The current drops to zero. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What equipment is needed to investigate the charge or discharge of a capacitor in a circuit?

DC power supply, capacitor, resistor in series, ammeter in series, voltmeter in parallel (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is needed to be taken at set intervals in order to investigate the exponential relationships between current and potential difference with time?

Voltage and current readings (C) Signup and view all the answers

If capacitors discharge very quickly, what type of device can be used to collect data over time?

Data logger (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the relationship 𝑉𝑖𝑖+1 = 𝑉𝑖𝑖 𝑉𝑖𝑖+1 / 2 = 𝑉𝑖𝑖, what does this indicate about the behavior of the system?

The system experiences exponential decay (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the time constant allow for experimental determination of in a capacitor-resistor circuit?

Time behavior of the circuit (A) Signup and view all the answers

What do exponential graphs of charge stored with time show about the behavior of a capacitor?

Exponential decay (B) Signup and view all the answers