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Questions and Answers
What is the result of the expression: $6 - 1 \times 0 + \frac{2}{2}$?
What is the result of the expression: $6 - 1 \times 0 + \frac{2}{2}$?
7
In the apothecary system, how is the number 1 typically represented using Roman numerals?
In the apothecary system, how is the number 1 typically represented using Roman numerals?
I
Convert the Roman numeral 'XXXIX' to its Arabic numeral equivalent.
Convert the Roman numeral 'XXXIX' to its Arabic numeral equivalent.
39
Explain the principle behind reading Roman numerals when a letter is placed before another letter of greater value. Provide an example.
Explain the principle behind reading Roman numerals when a letter is placed before another letter of greater value. Provide an example.
Calculate the value of the Roman numeral 'DCCCLXXXVIII'.
Calculate the value of the Roman numeral 'DCCCLXXXVIII'.
If a prescription reads 'ss tabs', what quantity of tablets is the physician ordering?
If a prescription reads 'ss tabs', what quantity of tablets is the physician ordering?
Translate the number 44 into Roman numerals.
Translate the number 44 into Roman numerals.
Describe a memory aid to remember the Roman Numerals.
Describe a memory aid to remember the Roman Numerals.
What is the result of DCCCLXXX - LXXXVII?
What is the result of DCCCLXXX - LXXXVII?
When should numerals be added together?
When should numerals be added together?
When should numerals be subtracted from one another?
When should numerals be subtracted from one another?
What is C XX V ii converted to its Arabic Numeral
What is C XX V ii converted to its Arabic Numeral
If a physician prescribes 'gr V' in the apothecary system, what quantity of grains is being ordered?
If a physician prescribes 'gr V' in the apothecary system, what quantity of grains is being ordered?
Convert the Arabic numeral 749 into Roman numerals.
Convert the Arabic numeral 749 into Roman numerals.
Flashcards
Roman Numerals
Roman Numerals
A numeral system used in the Apothecary system, using letters to represent numbers instead of Arabic numerals.
Values of Single Roman Numerals
Values of Single Roman Numerals
I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500, M = 1000.
Roman Numeral Repetition
Roman Numeral Repetition
A Roman numeral repeats its value multiple times. A letter can only be repeated up to three times in a row.
Addition in Roman Numerals
Addition in Roman Numerals
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Subtraction in Roman Numerals
Subtraction in Roman Numerals
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MEDICAL XAVIER
MEDICAL XAVIER
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Study Notes
- Apothecary system uses Roman numerals instead of Arabic numbers
- "I" is used instead of "1" in the Apothecary system
- Place the unit before the number, like "gr V" which means 5 grains
- There are three basic principles for reading and writing Roman numerals:
Repeating Values
- A letter can be repeated to multiply its value
- A letter can only be repeated a maximum of three times, for example XXX = 30, CC = 200
Addition
- When one or more letters are placed after another letter of greater value, you add their values
- Example: VI = 6 (5 + 1 = 6)
Subtraction
- When a letter is placed before another letter of greater value, subtract its value
- Example: IV = 4 (5 - 1 = 4)
Single Numeral Values
- ss = 1/2
- I, i, or j = 1
- V or v = 5
- X or x = 10
- L or l = 50
- C or c = 100
- D or d = 500
- M or m = 1000
- Physicians ordering medications may use Roman numerals
- A prescription saying "ii tabs" means "2 tablets"
- Roman numerals aren't commonly used for larger numbers in Pharmacy
How To Remember Roman Numerals
- Think of "MEDICAL XAVIER"
- It helps remember the numerals in descending order from 1000 to 1
Examples of Calculating Roman Numerals
- To find the value of DCCCLXXX - LXXXVII:
- DCCCLXXX is 500 + 300 + 50 + 30 = 880
- LXXXVII is 50 + 30 + 5 + 2 = 87
- 880 - 87 = 793
- Example 1: C XX V ii = 100 + 20 + 5 + 2 = 127
- Example 2: C d V L = -100 +500 + 5 + 50 =445
Addition and Subtraction Rules with Examples
Addition
- When a smaller value or the same value numeral is placed after another numeral, add the values
- II = 1 + 1 = 2
- VI = 5 + 1 = 6
- XXIII = 10 + 10 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 23
Subtraction
- When a larger value numeral is placed after a smaller value numeral, subtract the smaller value from the larger value
- IV = 5 - 1 = 4
- IX = 10 - 1 = 9
- VC = 100 - 5 = 95
- LIV = 50 + (5 - 1) = 50 + 4 = 54
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