Aphasia Classification and Assessment
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Questions and Answers

What is the broad classification of major aphasic syndromes?

  • Alexia w/ Agraphia (correct)
  • Nonfluent Aphasia (correct)
  • Fluent Aphasia (correct)
  • Pure Aphasias (correct)

    • How often do WAB & BDAE agree in their classification?

    approximately 27% of the time

    What broad categories are assessed with BDAE?

    Fluent Aphasia, Nonfluent Aphasia, Alexia w/ Agraphia, Pure Aphasias

    What broad categories are assessed with WAB-R?

    <p>Fluent Aphasia, Nonfluent Aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the nonfluent aphasias?

    <p>Broca's, Transcortical Motor, Global, Mixed Nonfluent (BDAE only), Isolation (WAB-R only)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the fluent aphasias?

    <p>Wernicke's, Conduction, Anomic, Transcortical Sensory (WAB-R only)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Pure Alexia?

    <p>a pure aphasia, a reading deficit only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Pure Agraphia?

    <p>a pure aphasia, a writing deficit only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Pure Word Deafness?

    <p>a pure aphasia, an auditory comprehension deficit that can't be accounted for by a hearing loss; reading is fine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Optic Aphasia?

    <p>a pure aphasia where the individual can't name objects presented visually but can name them if presented in a tactile manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the factors used to distinguish among fluent and nonfluent aphasia?

    <p>Fluency, Auditory comprehension, Repetition, Word Finding, Paraphasia in running speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Paraphasia?

    <p>the production of unintended syllables, words, or phrases during the effort to speak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Literal (or phonemic) paraphasia?

    <p>substituting 1 sound for another sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Verbal paraphasia?

    <p>substituting a word for another word</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Semantic paraphasia?

    <p>the most common type of verbal paraphasia, substituting a word that is semantically related to the target word</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Unrelated verbal paraphasia?

    <p>substituting a word that is not semantically related to the target word</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Perseverative paraphasia?

    <p>refers to words that crop up again from an earlier response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Neologistic paraphasia?

    <p>a nonsense word</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Circumlocutions?

    <p>talking around the word</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Paragrammatism?

    <p>running speech that is logically and/or grammatically incoherent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the BDAE definition of fluent/nonfluent?

    <p>Fluent: score of 5.5-7; Non-fluent: score of 1-4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the WAB-R definition of fluent/nonfluent?

    <p>Nonfluent: score of 1-4; Fluent: score of 5-10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the linguistic features of Broca's Aphasia?

    <p>speech is nonfluent, effortful, slow, telegraphic, difficult to initiate; reduced phrase length &amp; syntactic complexity, agrammatism common; high informational content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the accompanying deficits of Broca's Aphasia?

    <p>often AOS, Hemiplegia, Mild dysarthria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the site of lesion for Broca's Aphasia?

    <p>Broca's area plus surrounding areas; decreased glucose metabolism throughout LH &amp; some areas of RH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the linguistic features of Transcortical Motor Aphasia?

    <p>mutism may be present; nonfluent; similar oral expression difficulties found in Broca's; initiation difficulties; scarcity of spontaneous speech; echolalia may be present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the accompanying deficits of Transcortical Motor Aphasia?

    <p>Bilateral ideomotor apraxia, Akinesia, Bradykinesia, possible urinary incontinence and grasp reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Aphasia Classification

    • Major syndromes include Fluent Aphasia, Nonfluent Aphasia, Alexia with Agraphia, and Pure Aphasias.

    WAB & BDAE Agreement

    • Classification agreement between WAB and BDAE occurs approximately 27% of the time.

    BDAE Assessment Categories

    • Broad categories assessed are Fluent Aphasia, Nonfluent Aphasia, Alexia with Agraphia, and Pure Aphasias.

    WAB-R Assessment Categories

    • WAB-R assesses Fluent Aphasia and Nonfluent Aphasia.

    Nonfluent Aphasias

    • Types include Broca's, Transcortical Motor, Global, Mixed Nonfluent (BDAE), and Isolation (WAB-R).

    Fluent Aphasias

    • Types include Wernicke's, Conduction, Anomic, and Transcortical Sensory (WAB-R).

    Pure Alexia

    • A reading-only deficit, classified as a pure aphasia.

    Pure Agraphia

    • A writing-only deficit, classified as a pure aphasia.

    Pure Word Deafness

    • An auditory comprehension deficit not explained by hearing loss, while reading remains intact.

    Optic Aphasia

    • Inability to name visually presented objects but can name them when presented tactilely.

    Distinguishing Fluent & Nonfluent Aphasia

    • Factors include fluency, auditory comprehension, repetition, word finding, and paraphasia; reading and writing skills are not used.

    Paraphasia

    • Involves the production of unintended syllables, words, or phrases during speaking.

    Literal (Phonemic) Paraphasia

    • Substitutes one sound for another, e.g., "label" for "table."

    Verbal Paraphasia

    • Involves substituting one word for another; includes three types.

    Semantic Paraphasia

    • Most common type, substitutes words semantically related to the target, e.g., "chair" for "table."

    Unrelated Verbal Paraphasia

    • Substitutes a word unrelated semantically to the target, e.g., "sock" for "table."

    Perseverative Paraphasia

    • Involves repetition of words from earlier responses.

    Neologistic Paraphasia

    • Involves the use of a nonsense word.

    Circumlocutions

    • Refers to talking around the intended word.

    Paragrammatism

    • Produces running speech that is logically or grammatically incoherent.

    BDAE Fluent/Nonfluent Classification

    • Fluent: Scores 5.5-7 on "phrase length"; Non-fluent: Scores 1-4.

    WAB-R Fluent/Nonfluent Classification

    • Nonfluent: Scores 1-4 in key measures; Fluent: Scores 5-10.

    Broca's Aphasia Linguistic Features

    • Characterized by nonfluent, effortful, slow, and telegraphic speech; high informational content but poor grammatical structure.

    Broca's Aphasia Accompanying Deficits

    • Often presents with Apraxia of Speech, Hemiplegia, and mild dysarthria.

    Broca's Aphasia Site of Lesion

    • Involves Broca's area and surrounding areas, with decreased glucose metabolism in both hemispheres.

    Transcortical Motor Aphasia Linguistic Features

    • May present with mutism; nonfluent speech, echolalia, good repetition ability, and relatively good auditory comprehension.

    Transcortical Motor Aphasia Accompanying Deficits

    • Includes bilateral ideomotor apraxia, akinesia, and bradykinesia; may also present with upper extremity rigidity and transient urinary incontinence.

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    Description

    This quiz tests your knowledge on the classification of aphasia syndromes, including Fluent and Nonfluent Aphasia, as well as the assessment tools like WAB and BDAE. Explore various types of aphasias, their characteristics, and the differences in classification agreement between WAB and BDAE. Perfect for students of psychology or speech-language pathology.

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