Questions and Answers
The axial skeleton creates a framework that supports and protects organ systems in the __________.
cranial and thoracic cavities
Which of the following is NOT a function of the axial skeleton?
The lines, tubercles, crests, ridges, and other processes on bones represent areas that are used primarily for __________.
attachment of muscles to bones
Which vertebral process projects posteriorly?
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What structures of the skeleton eventually allow a child to walk and run without falling over?
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What is the difference between vertebrosternal ribs and vertebrochondral ribs?
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Which of the ribs are referred to as vertebral ribs?
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Which of the following statements about the thoracic cage is FALSE?
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What type of vertebrae are characterized by short, stumpy spinous processes and large bodies?
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What bones form the connection between the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton?
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Ribs pairs 8, 9, and 10 are called __________.
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The only vertebrae that have transverse foramina in the transverse processes are __________.
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The first seven ribs are called __________, and they connect to the sternum by individual costal cartilages.
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Which ribs are included under the name false ribs?
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What is a possible clinical problem associated with the sternum?
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C1 and C2 have specific names, which are the __________.
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Which of the following consists of five fused vertebrae and articulates with the pelvic girdle?
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The skeleton of the chest, or thorax, consists of __________.
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What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?
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Study Notes
Axial Skeleton Overview
- The axial skeleton provides structural support and protection for organ systems, particularly in the cranial and thoracic cavities.
- It does not facilitate muscle attachments for leg and foot movement.
Bone Processes
- Lines, tubercles, crests, and ridges on bones serve as attachment sites for muscles.
Vertebral Anatomy
- The spinous process is a vertebral feature that projects posteriorly.
- Secondary curves of the vertebral column are crucial for a child's ability to walk and run stably.
Rib Classification
- Vertebrosternal ribs connect directly to the sternum, while vertebrochondral ribs connect indirectly through cartilage.
- Rib pairs 11 and 12 are known as vertebral ribs.
- Rib pairs 8-12 are classified as false ribs, with pairs 8, 9, and 10 specifically termed vertebrochondral ribs.
Thoracic Cage Facts
- The sternum does not ossify until after the age of 30 is a false statement.
- The thoracic cage consists of thoracic vertebrae, ribs, and the sternum, providing protection for the heart and lungs.
Vertebrae Characteristics
- Lumbar vertebrae are identified by their large bodies and short, stumpy spinous processes.
- Cervical vertebrae uniquely feature transverse foramina in their transverse processes.
- C1 is known as the atlas and C2 as the axis, differentiating the first two cervical vertebrae.
Pelvic Connections
- The sacrum establishes the connection between the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton, articulating with the pelvic girdle.
Clinical Considerations
- During CPR, there's a risk of breaking ribs or the sternum, posing a potential clinical problem.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the axial skeleton with these flashcards from Chapter 7 of the AP1 course. Evaluate your understanding of its functions, anatomical features, and relationships within the cranial and thoracic cavities. Perfect for last-minute revision before the final exam!
