AP World Chapter 23 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which of the following factors contributed to economic globalization during the twentieth century?

Decline in international communication

Economic isolationism

Technological advances that lowered transportation costs dramatically (correct)

Increased trade barriers

What effect did the Bretton Woods system have on globalization after World War II?

It established rules for commercial and financial dealings among major capitalist countries.

Which of the following reflects a neo-liberal approach to economic development?

Increase in government intervention

Privatization of state-run companies (correct)

Subsidization of agricultural products

Expansion of social welfare programs

Beginning in the 1960s, which of the following were identified as key issues in western feminism by women of color?

Ending racism and poverty Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following has been a contentious issue between the Global North and Global South since 1945?

The availability of and terms for foreign aid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a pattern of global migration since 1960?

The movement of people from developing countries to the industrial world Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the effect of economic globalization on wealthy nations like the US?

A shifting global division of labor resulted in the loss of many manufacturing jobs Signup and view all the answers

What do those who speak of an 'American Empire' point to in support of their opinion?

American economic, military and cultural influence around the world. Signup and view all the answers

In contrast to feminists who fought for rights, feminists who assumed the task of women's liberation?

Challenged patriarchy through direct action. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflects a response of African feminists to western feminism in the 1970s and beyond?

They criticized western feminism as a form of cultural imperialism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characterizes the response of religious fundamentalism to global modernity?

A selective rejection of certain aspects of modernity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following has been a goal of Islamic fundamentalist groups in the Muslim world since the 1970s?

To create a distinctly Islamic modernity not dependent on western ideas. Signup and view all the answers

What factor led Osama bin Laden and the leaders of al-Qaeda to declare the US as their enemy?

U.S. military presence in Saudi Arabia after the defeat of Iraq in 1991. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a more central issue in environmental movements in developing countries than those in the industrial West?

Securing food supplies Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a distinctive feature of environmental movements in the Global South?

The involvement of poor people Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following highlights the global mobility of capital in the world since 1945?

Foreign direct investment. Signup and view all the answers

In the permissive economic climate of recent decades, transnational corporations frequently relocate their facilities in search of...

The least restrictive environmental regulations. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following opposed neo-liberal globalization and offered an alternative approach expressed in the slogan 'Another world is possible'?

World Social Forum. Signup and view all the answers

Refer to map 23.2 in the textbook. The map showing the global distribution of McDonald's highlights which aspect of the so-called American empire?

'Soft Power'. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was the original meaning of the phrase 'Third World'?

An alternative to western capitalism and Soviet communism. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following issues was more central to women's movements in the Global South than in the industrial West?

Economic survival Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a success of the international women's movement?

International recognition that women's rights are human rights Signup and view all the answers

How have modernity, science, and globalization been affected by the world's religions since 1945?

Religion offered a means to oppose elements of a secular and global modernity. Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature of religious fundamentalism?

Militant piety. Signup and view all the answers

What represents the use of religion as a basis to fight for social justice, human rights, and the end of poverty?

Liberation theology. Signup and view all the answers

What do the Gulen movement in Turkey and the Amman message issued in Jordan in 2005 share in common?

Both sought to encourage cross-cultural and inter-religious dialogue. Signup and view all the answers

Describing the current era since the industrial revolution as the Anthropocentric Era calls attention to the...

Lasting impact of human activity on the planet. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following contributed to the environmental changes of the twentieth century?

The explosive increase in the world population. Signup and view all the answers

What did nineteenth-century strands of environmentalism share in common?

None of them had a mass following. Signup and view all the answers

Which movement in the world today has come to symbolize 'One-world' thinking?

Global environmentalism. Signup and view all the answers

According to Russian feminist Alexandra Kodletai, responsibility for childcare should be on...

Society. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflects American writer Andrea Dworkin's view of aged Western feminism?

'I have to ask you...to destroy the power men have over women...and to do whatever is necessary, despite its cost to you, to change it.' Signup and view all the answers

The following goal is associated with which strand of feminism?

Black American feminism Signup and view all the answers

What does the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Benazir Bhutto, blame for the inequality of women in many Muslim societies?

The laws created by men. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflects a central concern of Mexican Zapatista feminists?

The means to provide for their children Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following details in the photograph in visual source 23.1 highlights the globalized nature of the world economy?

The blue jeans Signup and view all the answers

The poster in visual source 23.2 illustrates what aspect of Chinese culture in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries?

Its traditionalism. Signup and view all the answers

The message conveyed in visual source 23.3 criticizes what aspect of the World Trade Organization's handling of the global economy?

The lack of regulations on corporations. Signup and view all the answers

The photograph in visual source 23.4 suggests a connection between electricity and...

Level of economic development. Signup and view all the answers

What did globalization mean for the people photographed in visual source 23.1?

Employment. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Economic Globalization

Technological advances drastically reduced transportation costs, facilitating global trade and economic interdependence.
The Bretton Woods system established rules for financial transactions among major capitalist countries post-World War II, promoting globalization.

Neo-Liberalism and Economic Development

A neo-liberal approach is characterized by the privatization of state-run enterprises to enhance efficiency and growth.

In the 1960s, women of color highlighted racism and poverty as key feminism issues in Western discourse.
African feminists critiqued Western feminism, labeling it a form of cultural imperialism.
Economic survival emerged as a primary concern for women in the Global South compared to their counterparts in industrialized nations.

Global North vs. Global South

The availability and terms of foreign aid have been contentious between the Global North and Global South since 1945, often influencing geopolitical relations.

Patterns of Migration

Since 1960, there has been significant migration from developing countries to industrialized nations, reshaping demographics and labor markets.

Economic Shifts in Wealthy Nations

Economic globalization has led to a shift in the global division of labor, resulting in manufacturing job losses in wealthy nations like the U.S.

American Empire and Global Influence

Proponents of the "American Empire" concept cite the extensive economic, military, and cultural influence of the U.S. worldwide, often referred to as "soft power."

Religious and Cultural Responses

Religious fundamentalism often involves selectively rejecting modernization aspects, seeking to create distinct identities.
Islamic fundamentalist movements aim for an Islamic modernity independent of Western ideologies.
Liberation theology employs religion as a foundation for social justice, human rights advocacy, and poverty alleviation.

Environmental Movements

In developing countries, environmental movements focus on ensuring food security rather than broader ecological concerns often prioritized in the Global North.
The global environmentalism movement embodies the idea of "One-world" thinking, promoting interconnectedness in addressing ecological challenges.

Influence of Globalization on Society

Foreign direct investment is a key indicator of the global capital movement since 1945.
Transnational corporations often relocate seeking minimal environmental regulations, raising ethical concerns.
The explosive population growth in the 20th century contributed significantly to environmental change.

Feminism's Diverse Perspectives

Russian feminist Alexandra Kodletai argues childcare responsibility should be shared by society.
The Black American feminism movement emphasizes the intersectional nature of oppression across race and gender.
Statements from Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto attribute women’s inequality in Muslim societies to male-centered laws.

Visual and Cultural Representation

Visual sources like photos and posters reflect the global economy's interconnected nature through symbols like blue jeans and illustrate critiques of corporate regulations in globalization efforts.
The relationship between electricity access and economic development is visually represented, linking infrastructure to quality of life and opportunity for employment.

Women's Movement Achievements

A significant success of the international women's movement is the global acknowledgment that women's rights are integral to human rights.

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Description

Test your knowledge of Chapter 23 in AP World History with these flashcards. This chapter discusses the key factors and effects of economic globalization during the twentieth century, including technological advances and the Bretton Woods system. Perfect for mastering concepts related to global economic changes after World War II.