AP Stats Unit 8 MCQ Part B Flashcards

Questions and Answers

If the distributions of ratings are the same for those Snoqualmie members living less than 25 miles from the waterfall, which of the following is equal to the expected count of members who rated the cultural importance as high?

E.((17)(50)/88)

If becoming stranded and age are independent in horseshoe crabs, what is the closest expected number of young stranded horseshoe crabs?

B. 52.54

What would be the expected count for 6- to 15-day-old squirrels that freeze if different ages respond in the same proportions?

C.((40)(49)/98)

Which test is most appropriate for investigating regional differences in peanut butter preference?

C. A chi-square test of homogeneity Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate test for investigating the association between textbook preference and class level?

E. A chi-square test of independence Signup and view all the answers

Which hypotheses should be investigated regarding cell phone usage and age-group among adults in the United States?

B. H0: Among adults, there is no association between age-group and cell phone usage. Ha: There is an association. Signup and view all the answers

What would be an appropriate alternative hypothesis in a study about tumor response across treatments?

B. Ha: There is a difference in the distribution of tumor status across the three treatments. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the conditions for a chi-square test for independence based on 200 cell phone users?

E. Not all of the expected cell counts are large enough. Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the conditions for the chi-square test for homogeneity regarding employee health insurance preference?

D. The total sample size is too large to apply the chi-square test for homogeneity. Signup and view all the answers

What represents the correct chi-square test statistic for the association between education level and opinion about acupuncture?

B. χ2=(100−85.33)285.33+(80−80)280+(60−74.67)274.67+(70−70)270+(80−65.33)265.33 with 2 degrees of freedom Signup and view all the answers

What is the closest p-value for the association between living region and favoring an increase in the state gas tax?

A. 0.0644 Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct interpretation of the p-value in a chi-square test of independence regarding voting preference?

E. Assuming independence, there is a 2 percent chance of finding a test statistic of 9.84 or greater. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct interpretation of the p-value in relation to income level and education level?

A. Assuming independence, there is a 1 percent chance of finding a test statistic of 13.36 or greater. Signup and view all the answers

What conclusion should be made about political affiliation and where a person lives based on a chi-square test?

B. There is convincing statistical evidence to suggest that political affiliation and where a person lives are dependent. Signup and view all the answers

What conclusion should the college administrator make about the request for online, lab, or lecture classes?

D. There is not convincing statistical evidence to suggest that the proportion of students requesting certain classes is different. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cultural Importance of "Snoqualmie"

Two groups of the Snoqualmie tribe were surveyed: one group lived within 25 miles of the waterfall, the other beyond.
Cultural importance was rated as low, medium, or high.
Expected count for high cultural importance rating among those living less than 25 miles is calculated as E.((17)(50)/88).

Stranded Horseshoe Crabs

A study on horseshoe crabs examined the relationship between stranding and age via random samples.
If stranding and age are independent, the expected number of young stranded crabs is approximately 52.54.

Ground Squirrels and Alarm Calls

Juvenile ground squirrels react to alarms by freezing or fleeing to burrows.
A study categorized squirrels by age and observed responses.
Expected count for 6- to 15-day-old squirrels that freeze is C.((40)(49)/98).

Peanut Butter Preference Study

Regional differences in peanut butter preference across the U.S. were investigated using a 7-by-2 contingency table.
The appropriate statistical test for this investigation is a chi-square test of homogeneity.

Textbook Preference and Class Level

A survey on textbook preferences among 100 students was conducted, assessing preference for new, used, or digital books by class level.
A chi-square test of independence is suitable for analyzing the relationship between textbook preference and class level.

Cell Phone Usage While Dining

A survey of 300 U.S. cell phone users across different age groups assessed texting during dinner.
Null hypothesis (H0): No association exists between age-group and texting while eating.
Alternative hypothesis (Ha): An association exists between age-group and texting while eating.

Drug Efficacy Study in Rats

Rats were assigned to three treatment groups for testing a new cancer drug.
The alternative hypothesis for a chi-square test: There is a difference in tumor response distribution across treatment groups.

Conditions for Chi-Square Test

Data from 200 cell phone users were analyzed for independence between age-group and app usage.
Not all expected cell counts met the requisite size for chi-square test validity.

Employee Health Insurance Preference Study

A survey among employees regarding health insurance plan preferences.
The conditions for the chi-square test for homogeneity were not met due to large total sample size.

Opinion on Acupuncture

A survey of 450 adults assessed opinions on acupuncture related to their highest level of education.
The chi-square test statistic and degrees of freedom for assessing association between education level and opinion were provided.

State Gas Tax Opinion Study

A survey of 270 state residents investigated the link between residency region and support for increasing the gas tax.
The closest p-value for this association test is 0.0644.

Voting Preferences and Location

A study explored whether a candidate's support is influenced by the voter's city location.
P-value interpretation: Assuming independence, there is a 2% chance of observing a test statistic as extreme as 9.84.

Income Level and Education Level Study

An analysis of 225 individuals examined the association between income and education level.
The p-value of 0.01 indicates a low probability of independence, suggesting a relationship.

Political Affiliation Study

A sample of 1,250 individuals tested for an association between political party and county residency.
The significant chi-square statistic indicates strong evidence of dependence between affiliation and residency.

Class Preferences Across Campuses

A comparative study of class preferences at two campuses surveyed 500 students.
With a chi-square statistic of 4.01 and a p-value of 0.1347, the conclusion is that there is no significant difference in class request proportions.

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards based on AP Statistics Unit 8. This set focuses on multiple-choice questions related to survey methodologies and cultural studies. Perfect for students preparing for the exam and needing a quick review!