Podcast
Questions and Answers
Hormones are _______ released into the ______.
Hormones are _______ released into the ______.
chemical messengers; bloodstream
Neurotransmitters cross the _________ to carry information to the next neuron.
Neurotransmitters cross the _________ to carry information to the next neuron.
synaptic gap
Morphine elevates mood and eases pain, and is most similar to which of the following?
Morphine elevates mood and eases pain, and is most similar to which of the following?
endorphins
Which branch of the nervous system calms a person?
Which branch of the nervous system calms a person?
Which of the following endocrine glands may explain unusually tall height in a 12 year old?
Which of the following endocrine glands may explain unusually tall height in a 12 year old?
Which of the following is most likely to be a function of the left hemisphere?
Which of the following is most likely to be a function of the left hemisphere?
Split brain research involves experiments on people with a severed _________.
Split brain research involves experiments on people with a severed _________.
Computer enhanced X-rays used to create brain images are known as _________.
Computer enhanced X-rays used to create brain images are known as _________.
The most noticeable difference between human brains and other mammalian brains is the size of the _________.
The most noticeable difference between human brains and other mammalian brains is the size of the _________.
Which of the following part of the brain is considered your 'sensory control center'?
Which of the following part of the brain is considered your 'sensory control center'?
After taking a psychoactive drug for many years, Carl stops taking it. Which drug was he taking?
After taking a psychoactive drug for many years, Carl stops taking it. Which drug was he taking?
Which of the following statements is true of alcohol?
Which of the following statements is true of alcohol?
Which of the following drugs were the players most likely using?
Which of the following drugs were the players most likely using?
Which stimulant causes high energy, emotional elation, dehydration, and damage to serotonin-producing neurons?
Which stimulant causes high energy, emotional elation, dehydration, and damage to serotonin-producing neurons?
The altered state of consciousness that is most similar to an LSD hallucination is _________.
The altered state of consciousness that is most similar to an LSD hallucination is _________.
Cold sweats, vomiting, convulsions, and hallucinations are all symptoms of what drug?
Cold sweats, vomiting, convulsions, and hallucinations are all symptoms of what drug?
Soon after taking a psychoactive drug, Larisa's breathing slowed, her pupils constricted, and her feelings of anxiety were replaced by blissful pleasure. Larisa most likely experienced the effects of _________.
Soon after taking a psychoactive drug, Larisa's breathing slowed, her pupils constricted, and her feelings of anxiety were replaced by blissful pleasure. Larisa most likely experienced the effects of _________.
Hallucinogens are best defined as _________.
Hallucinogens are best defined as _________.
Adopted individuals are more susceptible to alcohol dependence if one or both biological parents have a history of it. This indicates that alcohol dependence is _________.
Adopted individuals are more susceptible to alcohol dependence if one or both biological parents have a history of it. This indicates that alcohol dependence is _________.
Jason has been smoking marijuana. Which of the following best describes the effects of this psychoactive drug on Jason's behavior?
Jason has been smoking marijuana. Which of the following best describes the effects of this psychoactive drug on Jason's behavior?
LSD and other powerful hallucinogens are chemically similar to, and therefore block the actions of, a subtype of the neurotransmitter serotonin. At the synapse, these drugs act as a(n) _________.
LSD and other powerful hallucinogens are chemically similar to, and therefore block the actions of, a subtype of the neurotransmitter serotonin. At the synapse, these drugs act as a(n) _________.
Alcohol consumption is LEAST likely to make people more self-conscious.
Alcohol consumption is LEAST likely to make people more self-conscious.
When cocaine is injected or smoked, it produces a rush of euphoria that lasts 15 to 30 minutes. But the stimulant drug ________ can trigger 8 hours or so of heightened energy and euphoria.
When cocaine is injected or smoked, it produces a rush of euphoria that lasts 15 to 30 minutes. But the stimulant drug ________ can trigger 8 hours or so of heightened energy and euphoria.
Which of the following drugs block reuptake, leading to increased neural stimulation?
Which of the following drugs block reuptake, leading to increased neural stimulation?
This drug induces a number of physiological and psychological effects, some of which include dilated blood vessels in the eye, dry mouth, time distortion, euphoric feelings, sense of relaxation, and mild muscular weakness.
This drug induces a number of physiological and psychological effects, some of which include dilated blood vessels in the eye, dry mouth, time distortion, euphoric feelings, sense of relaxation, and mild muscular weakness.
Nightmares most frequently occur during _________.
Nightmares most frequently occur during _________.
Which of the following dream theories states that dreams help us sort out the day's events and consolidate our memories?
Which of the following dream theories states that dreams help us sort out the day's events and consolidate our memories?
What is the role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in sleep?
What is the role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in sleep?
Sleep deprivation can lead to weight gain, reduced muscle strength, suppression of the cells that fight common colds, and most likely which of the following?
Sleep deprivation can lead to weight gain, reduced muscle strength, suppression of the cells that fight common colds, and most likely which of the following?
Which of the following represents a circadian rhythm?
Which of the following represents a circadian rhythm?
Flashcards
Hormones
Hormones
Chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream, influencing various bodily functions.
Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters
Chemical substances that transmit signals between neurons by crossing the synaptic gap.
Morphine
Morphine
A neurotransmitter involved in mood regulation and pain relief, mimicking the effects of endorphins.
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System
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Pituitary Gland
Pituitary Gland
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Left Hemisphere Function
Left Hemisphere Function
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Split-Brain Research
Split-Brain Research
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Computer Tomography (CT) Scan
Computer Tomography (CT) Scan
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Association Areas
Association Areas
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Thalamus
Thalamus
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Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
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Depressants
Depressants
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Amphetamines
Amphetamines
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Ecstasy (MDMA)
Ecstasy (MDMA)
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Near-Death Experiences (NDEs)
Near-Death Experiences (NDEs)
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LSD
LSD
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Genetic Influences on Substance Abuse
Genetic Influences on Substance Abuse
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Marijuana
Marijuana
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Antagonist
Antagonist
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Alcohol and Social Behavior
Alcohol and Social Behavior
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Cocaine
Cocaine
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Methamphetamine
Methamphetamine
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Neurotransmitter Reuptake Inhibition
Neurotransmitter Reuptake Inhibition
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Physiological Effects of Marijuana
Physiological Effects of Marijuana
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REM Sleep
REM Sleep
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Information Processing Theory of Dreaming
Information Processing Theory of Dreaming
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Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)
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Effects of Sleep Deprivation
Effects of Sleep Deprivation
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Circadian Rhythms
Circadian Rhythms
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Study Notes
Hormones and Neurotransmitters
- Hormones are chemical messengers released into the bloodstream, impacting various bodily functions.
- Neurotransmitters transmit signals between neurons by crossing the synaptic gap.
Pain Relief and Mood Enhancement
- Morphine mimics the action of endorphins, substances that elevate mood and alleviate pain.
Nervous System Branches
- The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for calming the body after stress.
Endocrine System
- The pituitary gland plays a pivotal role in growth; abnormalities can lead to unusual height in children.
Brain Hemispheres and Functions
- The left hemisphere specializes in speech and language processing.
- Split-brain research involves studies on individuals with a severed corpus callosum, allowing insights into lateralization of brain functions.
Imaging Techniques
- Computer tomography scans utilize enhanced X-rays to create detailed brain images.
Human Brain Differences
- Association areas differentiate human brains from other mammals, indicating advanced cognitive functions.
Sensory Processing
- The thalamus functions as the brain's sensory control center, processing incoming sensory information.
Drug Effects and Withdrawal
- Heroin, when abused, leads to withdrawal symptoms characterized by physical pain due to the brain’s reduced production of endorphins.
- Alcohol is classified as a depressant, calming neural activity and slowing body functions.
Performance-Enhancing Drugs
- Amphetamines are commonly misused by athletes to enhance physical performance and endurance.
Stimulants and Their Effects
- Ecstasy is a stimulant known for causing high energy, emotional highs, dehydration, and potential damage to serotonin-producing neurons.
- Near-death experiences can create altered states of consciousness similar to LSD hallucinations.
Hallucinogen Effects
- LSD can cause symptoms such as cold sweats, convulsions, and hallucinations; it is defined as a hallucinogen that alters perception and cognition.
Genetic Influences on Substance Abuse
- Alcohol dependence shows genetic ties, as adopted individuals are more vulnerable if biological parents have a history of alcoholism.
Marijuana Effects
- Smoking marijuana typically results in relaxation, mild hallucinations, and potential memory loss.
Neurotransmitter Interactions
- LSD acts as an antagonist at synapses, blocking the actions of serotonin, a key neurotransmitter.
Alcohol and Social Behavior
- Alcohol consumption typically reduces self-consciousness rather than increasing it.
Cocaine and Methamphetamine
- Cocaine and methamphetamine both lead to intense euphoria; however, meth can sustain this effect for up to eight hours.
Drug Mechanisms
- Cocaine increases neural stimulation by blocking neurotransmitter reuptake.
Marijuana Physiological Effects
- Marijuana can cause various physiological effects including dilated blood vessels, relaxation, and altered time perception.
Sleep and Dreams
- Nightmares occur primarily during REM sleep, a crucial phase for processing dreams.
Dream Theories
- The information processing theory posits that dreaming aids in sorting and consolidating daily experiences.
Sleep Regulation
- The suprachiasmatic nucleus regulates sleep by signaling the pineal gland to increase melatonin production.
Effects of Sleep Deprivation
- Lack of sleep can lead to several health issues including weight gain, weakened immune function, and an increased risk of depression.
Circadian Rhythms
- A circadian rhythm example is the daily rise in body temperature as morning approaches, reflecting natural biological cycles.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge with this AP Psychology Unit 2 practice quiz. It covers essential concepts like hormones, neurotransmitters, and the functions of the nervous system. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of psychological processes.
