AP Psychology: Treatment of Disorders Flashcards

Key Terms in Treatment of Psychological Disorders

• Manifest Content: The actual storyline of a dream as remembered, differing from its deeper latent content.
• Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT): A biomedical intervention for severe depression involving electric currents sent through the brain under anesthesia.
• Resistance: A phenomenon in psychoanalysis where clients block anxiety-inducing material from their consciousness.

Behavioral Therapies and Techniques

• Counterconditioning: A behavior therapy method using classical conditioning to create new responses to stimuli that provoke unwanted behaviors.
• Active Listening: A technique in Rogers' client-centered therapy that involves the listener echoing and clarifying the speaker’s words.
• Dream Analysis: A psychoanalytic technique to access unconscious thoughts through analysis of dreams.

Types of Therapy

• Cognitive Therapy: A therapeutic approach that teaches patients to develop healthier ways of thinking, based on the link between thoughts and emotions.
• Psychotherapy: Involves a range of psychological techniques facilitating interaction between a therapist and a client aiming to overcome challenges or promote personal growth.
• Group Therapy: Therapy conducted in groups, allowing participants to gain therapeutic benefits from shared experiences.

Key Concepts in Humanistic and Cognitive Approaches

• Unconditional Positive Regard: An essential component of Rogers' therapeutic approach characterized by complete acceptance and support for the client.
• Behavioral Therapy: A form of therapy focused on modifying unhealthy behaviors based on the premise that all behaviors are learned.
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): An integrated approach combining cognitive and behavioral therapy techniques to modify dysfunctional thinking and behavior.

Medical and Psychological Interventions

• Deinstitutionalization: The shift from long-term mental health institutions to community-based mental health services, allowing for better integration.
• Psychopharmacology: The study of how drugs impact mental processes and behaviors, crucial for understanding pharmaceutical interventions in psychology.
• Antipsychotic Drugs: Medications prescribed to individuals with schizophrenia and severe thought disorders.

Historical Figures and Theories

• Aaron Beck: Pioneering psychiatrist known as the father of cognitive therapy, influential in treating clinical depression.
• Carl Rogers: Developed client-centered therapy, emphasizing the therapist's supportive role and the client’s active participation.

Other Therapeutic Models and Approaches

• Humanistic Psychology: Focuses on the potential for personal growth in healthy individuals and emphasizes self-awareness.
• Somatic Therapy: Integrates psychotherapy and physical therapies, emphasizing the mind-body connection for holistic healing.
• Gestalt Therapy: A holistic approach that encourages awareness of present experiences and individual responsibilities.

Psychoanalytic Concepts

• Psychoanalysis: Freud's theory and therapeutic practice focused on revealing the unconscious motives behind thoughts and behaviors.
• Transference: The process where patients project emotions associated with significant figures from their past onto the therapist.
• Free Association: A psychoanalytic technique where participants express thoughts freely to uncover unconscious material.

Treatment Modalities

• Insight Therapies: A range of therapies aiming to enhance awareness of underlying motives and defenses to improve psychological functioning.
• Aversive Conditioning: A counterconditioning technique where an unpleasant reaction is linked to an undesirable behavior, like associating nausea with alcohol consumption.
• Psychosurgery: An extreme measure involving surgical intervention to change behavior by altering brain tissue.

Additional Therapeutic Techniques

• Systematic Desensitization: A type of exposure therapy that helps individuals face their fears gradually while in a relaxed state.
• Antidepressants: Medications aimed at treating depression and anxiety disorders, including OCD and PTSD.
• Antianxiety Drugs: Medications prescribed to alleviate symptoms of anxiety and agitation.

Professionals in Psychology

• Psychiatrist: A medical doctor who can prescribe medications and focuses on medication management alongside therapy.
• Psychologist: A specialist in psychotherapy who treats emotional issues through behavioral interventions but does not prescribe medications.
• Counseling Psychology: A branch focusing on improving well-being by addressing life challenges related to work, marriage, and other personal matters.