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Questions and Answers
What type of molecules do most protein or amino acid-based hormones use to exert their effects?
What is the term for chemicals secreted by cells that regulate the metabolic function of other cells?
Which gland is considered the master gland of the endocrine system?
What is the term for the regulation of hormone secretion in response to changing blood levels of ions?
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What type of hormones use a second messenger system to exert their effects?
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What is the primary function of hormones in the body?
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What hormone controls the reabsorption of sodium ions in the kidneys?
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Which hormone is released by the pituitary gland in response to the thirst center?
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Where is the thirst center located in the brain?
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What is the most important intracellular buffer system?
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How does the respiratory system eliminate carbonic acid?
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What is the definition of metabolism?
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Which two organs function as the most important physiological buffer systems?
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Why is it important to ensure that your diet is adequately rich in vitamins?
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What does catabolism involve?
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Which of the following is not one of the major nutrients the body needs to survive?
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What is the importance of lipids in the body?
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What is the role of vitamins in the body?
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What happens to the gas pressure in the lungs when the diaphragm contracts?
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What type of immunity is associated with the passage of antibodies from a pregnant mother to her fetus?
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What is the effect of decreased temperature on hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?
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What is indicated by increased capillary filtration, hyperemia, and swelling in a localized area?
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What is NOT true about monoclonal antibodies?
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Which law relates the pressure and volume of gases?
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What phase of the uterine cycle is characterized by the presence of estrogen and progesterone?
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Which structure is responsible for maintaining the integrity of the uterine lining during the first two months of pregnancy?
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What is the correct sequence of preembryonic structures?
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Which germ layer is responsible for forming neural tissue?
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What is the primary function of the trophoblast?
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Which hormone is responsible for increasing maternal metabolism during pregnancy?
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Study Notes
Hormones and Endocrine System
- Protein-based hormones exert their effects through second messengers
- Hormones are chemical substances secreted by cells that regulate metabolic function in other cells
- The pituitary gland is the master gland of the endocrine system
- Hormone secretion in response to changing blood ion levels is known as humoral stimulus
- PTH (parathyroid hormone) controls reabsorption of phosphate in the kidneys
- Aldosterone is involved in regulating sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys
- ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is released by the pituitary gland in response to thirst center signals
Thirst Center and Osmoregulation
- The thirst center is located in the hypothalamus
- The thirst center signals the pituitary gland to release ADH
Buffer Systems
- The most plentiful and powerful intracellular buffer system is protein
- The respiratory system eliminates carbonic acid by eliminating carbon dioxide
- The lungs and kidneys are the most important physiological buffer systems
Vitamins and Nutrition
- Vitamins are coenzymes needed to help the body utilize essential nutrients
- Lipids are important for forming cell membranes and providing energy
- Fiber is not one of the major nutrients the body needs to survive
Immunity and Inflammation
- Passive immunity occurs when antibodies are passed from a pregnant mother to her fetus
- Inflammation is characterized by localized increased capillary filtration, hyperemia, and swelling
Reproductive System
- Estrogen and progesterone maintain the integrity of the uterine lining and prepare the mammary glands to secrete milk
- The corpus luteum is responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during the first two months of pregnancy
- The correct sequence of preembryonic structures is zygote, morula, blastocyst
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Description
Prepare for your Straighterline Anatomy and Physiology II final exam with this comprehensive study guide, featuring 140 questions and answers. Get ready to ace your exam with this latest update for 2024/2025. Rated A+, this study guide is a valuable resource for nursing students and healthcare professionals.
