AP Human Geography Religions

Questions and Answers

What is the hearth of Hinduism?

South Asia, Modern Pakistan

What is the hearth of Judaism?

Southwest Asia/Middle East

What is the hearth of Sikhism?

South Asia, Modern India

What is the hearth of Buddhism?

South Asia, Modern India Signup and view all the answers

What is the hearth of Christianity?

Southwest Asia/Middle East Signup and view all the answers

What is the hearth of Islam?

Southwest Asia/Middle East Signup and view all the answers

Describe the diffusion of Hinduism.

Relocation: bonded laborers that practiced Hinduism were transported around the British Empire especially to Africa and England. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the diffusion of Judaism.

Relocation with diaspora and Zionism. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Jewish Diaspora?

During Roman rule, Jews were forced out of ancient Palestine and scattered throughout the Mediterranean. Signup and view all the answers

What does Zionism aim to achieve?

Create a homeland of Israel. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the diffusion of Sikhism.

Relocation: there are some Sikhs in England and the US but overall very little diffusion. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the diffusion of Buddhism.

Contagious: spread from hearth to East and Southeast Asia along the Silk Road and water trade routes. Hierarchical: Emperor Ashoka converted to Buddhism and sent missionaries to new locations. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the diffusion of Christianity.

Contagious: from hearth to Europe. Hierarchical during Roman Era: Emperor made it official religion of the Roman Empire. Relocation: with European colonialism. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the diffusion of Islam.

Contagious: from hearth to North Africa, Central Asia, and Indonesia via trade and conquest. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the current distribution of Hinduism?

India, Nepal Signup and view all the answers

Where is the current distribution of Judaism?

Israel, Europe, USA Signup and view all the answers

Where is the current distribution of Sikhism?

Punjab region of India Signup and view all the answers

Where is the current distribution of Buddhism?

Southeast Asia, Japan Signup and view all the answers

Where is the current distribution of Christianity?

USA, Europe, Latin America Signup and view all the answers

Where is the current distribution of Islam?

Sunnis: SWA (?), North Africa, Central Asia, Indonesia. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key belief of Hinduism regarding reincarnation?

Good behavior and actions will result in reincarnation to a better life. Signup and view all the answers

What are key figures in Hinduism?

Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva Signup and view all the answers

What dietary restriction is observed in Judaism?

No pork Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant day for Jewish people?

Yom Kippur Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the founder of Sikhism?

Guru Nanak Signup and view all the answers

What are two key concepts of Buddhism?

8 Fold Path, Siddhartha Gautama Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the savior in Christianity?

Jesus Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant pilgrimage in Islam?

Hajj Signup and view all the answers

Name a sacred space for Hinduism.

Temples, Varanasi Signup and view all the answers

What is a sacred space for Judaism?

Synagogue, Western Wall Signup and view all the answers

Name a sacred space for Sikhism.

Golden Temple Signup and view all the answers

What is a common sacred space for Buddhism?

Temples Signup and view all the answers

What is a sacred space for Christianity?

Church Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant structure in Islam?

Mosque, Kaaba Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are ethnic religions? (Select all that apply)

Hinduism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are universalizing religions? (Select all that apply)

Islam Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are monotheistic religions? (Select all that apply)

Islam Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are polytheistic religions? (Select all that apply)

Hinduism Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the US is associated with Catholicism?

West and Northeast Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the US is associated with Protestant Lutherans?

North Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the US is associated with Baptists?

South/Southeast Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the US is associated with Mormons?

The Midwest, specifically Utah Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hearths of Religions

Hinduism originated in South Asia, primarily in modern-day Pakistan.
Judaism began in Southwest Asia, specifically the Middle East.
Sikhism's hearth is located in South Asia, particularly modern India.
Buddhism emerged from South Asia, also rooted in modern India.
Christianity's hearth is found in Southwest Asia, within the Middle East.
Islam originated in Southwest Asia, specifically the Middle East.

Diffusion of Religions

Hinduism diffused through relocation, with bonded laborers spreading the religion across the British Empire to Africa and England.
Judaism dispersed via relocation through the Jewish diaspora and the movement inspired by Zionism.
The Jewish Diaspora occurred during Roman rule when Jews were scattered throughout the Mediterranean.
Zionism aims to establish a homeland for Jews in Israel.
Sikhism experienced limited diffusion, primarily relocating to areas like England and the US.
Buddhism spread contagiously through the Silk Road and maritime trade routes to East and Southeast Asia, with hierarchical diffusion initiated by Emperor Ashoka's conversion.
Christianity diffused contagiously from its heart to Europe, with hierarchical spread during the Roman Empire, further propagated through European colonialism.
Islam's diffusion occurred contagiously through trade and conquest, extending to North Africa, Central Asia, and Indonesia.

Current Distribution of Religions

Hinduism is predominantly found in India and Nepal.
Judaism is mainly distributed in Israel, Europe, and the USA.
Sikhism's primary distribution is in the Punjab region of India.
Buddhism is concentrated in Southeast Asia and Japan.
Christianity is widely distributed in the USA, Europe, and Latin America.
Sunni Islam is primarily located in Southwest Asia, North Africa, Central Asia, and Indonesia.

Beliefs and Key Figures

Hinduism emphasizes reincarnation, where actions determine the next life; key deities include Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva.
Judaism has specific dietary restrictions (for example, no pork) and observes Yom Kippur; Abraham is a significant figure.
Sikhism was founded by Guru Nanak.
Buddhism revolves around the Eightfold Path, an essential teaching from Siddhartha Gautama.
Christianity centers on Jesus as the savior, with major sects including Catholicism, Protestantism, and Orthodoxy.
Islam recognizes Mohammed as the prophet, highlights the Sunni/Shiite split regarding leadership, and mandates the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca. Dietary restrictions include no pork or alcohol.

Sacred Spaces and Landscapes

Hinduism features sacred sites such as temples and the ghats of Varanasi on the Ganges River.
Judaism's sacred spaces include synagogues and the Western Wall in Jerusalem, the holiest site.
Sikhism's sacred space comprises temples such as the Golden Temple.
Buddhism's sacred spaces primarily involve various temples.
Christianity's sacred landscape is characterized by churches.
Islam features mosques, with the Kaaba in Mecca being a pilgrimage destination and the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem as a significant mosque.

Types of Religions

Ethnic religions include Hinduism, Judaism, Sikhism, Confucianism, and Shinto.
Universalizing religions encompass Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam.
Monotheistic religions are Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Sikhism.
Polytheistic religions consist of Hinduism and Shinto.

Religious Distribution in the US

Catholicism is predominantly found in the West and Northeast regions.
Protestant Lutherans are primarily located in the Northern region.
Baptists are largely concentrated in the South/Southeast.
Mormons are mainly associated with the Midwest, particularly Utah.

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Test your knowledge on the hearths, diffusion, and distribution of major world religions with this flashcard quiz. Explore locations such as South Asia and the Middle East, where religions like Hinduism, Judaism, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Christianity originated. Perfect for AP Human Geography students!