AP Human Geography Globalization Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is globalization?

A type of economic integration

A method of vertical integration

A local development strategy

The expansion of economic, political, and cultural processes globally (correct)

Define networks.

Interconnected nodes without a center.

What are nodes?

Geographical centers of activity and influence.

What is participatory development?

The notion that locals should be engaged in deciding what development means for them. Signup and view all the answers

What is local exchange trading?

A barter system using local currency for trading services or goods. Signup and view all the answers

Define vertical integration.

Ownership by the same firm of companies along various points in a commodity chain. Signup and view all the answers

What is horizontal integration?

Ownership by the same firm of companies at the same point on a commodity chain. Signup and view all the answers

Define synergy in the context of business.

The cross-promotion of vertically-integrated goods. Signup and view all the answers

What are gatekeepers?

People or corporations who control access to information. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Globalization

Expansion of economic, political, and cultural processes on a global scale.
Transcends national boundaries and yields varied outcomes based on location and context.

Networks

Defined as interconnected nodes without a centralized authority, as per Manuel Castells.
Essential for understanding the flow of information and resources in globalization.

Nodes

Geographical centers that serve as hubs of activity and influence.
Larger cities typically host multiple nodes due to their cultural and economic significance.

Participatory Development

Advocates for local engagement in determining developmental goals and methods.
Example: Community meetings to discuss improvements like acquiring more books for local libraries.

Local Exchange Trading

A barter system utilizing a local currency for trading goods and services within a community.
Facilitates transactions outside the formal economy, e.g., a barber exchanging services with a plumber.

Vertical Integration

Occurs when a single firm owns various companies along different stages of a commodity chain.
Example: A company owning a farm, grocery store, and a distribution business for produce.

Horizontal Integration

Involves ownership of multiple companies at the same level in the commodity chain.
Example: Lord & Taylor absorbing Marshall Field's, making its location accessible to a wider audience.

Synergy

Refers to the cross-promotion of products created by vertically-integrated companies.
Example: Heinz using packaging to promote Ore-Ida fries, enhancing brand visibility for both.

Gatekeepers

Individuals or companies that control access to critical information.
Example: Area 51 serves as a gatekeeper of sensitive governmental data.

Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts of globalization in AP Human Geography. These flashcards cover essential terms and definitions related to economic, political, and cultural dimensions that transcend global boundaries. Get ready to enhance your understanding of interconnected networks and nodes.