Questions and Answers
The axons of some neurons in the CNS are protected by glial cells that form a myelin sheath around the axons. These glial cells are called __________.
oligodendrocytes
What is the name of the glial cells that act as phagocytes to aid in protecting CNS neurons?
microglia
Neurolemmocytes form a myelin sheath around axons in the peripheral nervous system, and oligodendrocytes form a myelin sheath around axons in the central nervous system.
True
Which of the following is found in the peripheral nervous system?
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The myelin sheath (formed by neurolemmocytes) wraps around the __________ of a neuron to provide protection and insulation.
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Which nervous system can be further subdivided to form the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems?
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Which nerves cause the adrenal medulla to release epinephrine and norepinephrine?
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Which nerves generally 'speed up' body activities?
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Which consists of nerves that primarily branch from the brain area and the sacral area only?
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Which consists of nerves that branch off the spinal cord and then innervate a 'trunk' (which parallels the spinal cord) and then branch off the trunk?
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The vagus cranial nerve is a __________ nerve.
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Sensory receptors are often the __________ of neurons.
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Which sensory receptors are involved in detecting changes in carbon dioxide levels in the blood?
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Which of the following classifications of sensory receptors could be the same?
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Study Notes
Glial Cells in the CNS
- Oligodendrocytes form a myelin sheath around axons in the central nervous system (CNS).
- Microglia function as phagocytes, protecting CNS neurons.
Myelination in the PNS
- Neurolemmocytes, also known as Schwann cells, create a myelin sheath around axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
- Myelin sheaths surround the axon to provide protection and insulation.
Nervous Systems Overview
- The autonomic nervous system can be subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.
- Sympathetic nerves are responsible for "speeding up" body activities and trigger the adrenal medulla to release epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Sympathetic vs. Parasympathetic Nerves
- Sympathetic nerves branch off the spinal cord and innervate a trunk parallel to the spinal cord, which then branches off.
- Parasympathetic nerves primarily branch from the brain area and the sacral region.
Cranial Nerve Functions
- The vagus cranial nerve serves a parasympathetic function in the body.
Sensory Receptors and Their Functions
- Sensory receptors often consist of dendrites of neurons.
- Chemoreceptors detect changes in carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
- Mechanoreceptors and exteroceptors can fall under the same classification as sensory receptors.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards on glial cells in the central nervous system. Learn about the roles of oligodendrocytes and microglia along with related concepts. Perfect for students studying anatomy and physiology.
