A.P. Biology Reading Quiz 7.4 & 7.5

Questions and Answers

What compound receives electrons from NADH?

Oxygen

FMN

Ubiquinone (correct)

Cytochrome c1

Chemiosmosis involves ________.

The movement of glucose through the cell membrane

The movement of hydrogen atoms across a mitochondrial membrane

The movement of hydrogen ions across a mitochondrial membrane (correct)

The movement of electrons across the cell membrane

What is ATP Synthase?

A membrane-embedded protein complex that adds a phosphate to ADP with energy from protons diffusing through it.

What is a Prosthetic Group?

A molecule bound to a protein that facilitates the function of the protein. Signup and view all the answers

What is Ubiquinone?

A soluble electron transporter in the electron transport chain that connects the first or second complex to the third. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fermentation methods can occur in animal skeletal muscles?

Lactic acid fermentation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between fermentation and anaerobic respiration?

Fermentation uses glycolysis only, whereas anaerobic respiration uses all three parts of cellular respiration, including the citric acid cycle. Signup and view all the answers

What is Anaerobic Cellular Respiration?

A process in which organisms convert energy for their use in the absence of oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What is Fermentation?

A process of regenerating NAD+ with either an inorganic or organic compound serving as the final electron acceptor, occurring in the absence of oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Electron Transport Chain and ATP Synthesis

FMN, ubiquinone, cytochrome c1, and oxygen are involved in electron transport. Ubiquinone receives electrons from NADH.
Chemiosmosis is defined as the movement of hydrogen ions across a mitochondrial membrane, critical for ATP production.

ATP Synthase Functionality

ATP synthase (F1F0 ATP synthase) is a membrane-embedded protein complex that synthesizes ATP by adding phosphate to ADP using energy from protons diffusing through it.

Role of Prosthetic Groups

Prosthetic groups (or cofactors) are molecules that bind to proteins and aid in their functionality, contributing to enzymatic reactions or structural stability.

Ubiquinone in Cellular Respiration

Ubiquinone acts as a soluble electron transporter within the electron transport chain, linking the first or second complex to the third.

Fermentation Types

Lactic acid fermentation is the method that can occur in animal skeletal muscles, distinguishing it from other fermentation types like alcohol and mixed acid fermentation.

Fermentation Versus Anaerobic Respiration

Fermentation primarily relies on glycolysis, while anaerobic respiration utilizes glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport with an alternative final electron acceptor, differentiating it from fermentation which does not involve these mitochondrial processes.

Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

Anaerobic cellular respiration allows organisms to convert energy in the absence of oxygen, enabling survival in low oxygen environments.

Definition of Fermentation

Fermentation is a process that regenerates NAD+ using either organic or inorganic compounds as final electron acceptors, occurring when oxygen is not present.

Description

Test your understanding of key concepts from A.P. Biology chapters 7.4 and 7.5. This quiz covers important definitions and processes related to cellular respiration and electron transport. Challenge yourself with flashcards to enhance your learning experience.