AP Bio Unit 7 Evolutionary Theories

Darwin was a 19th-century naturalist on the HMS Beagle who studied animals. His mechanism for evolution was that species are related by common descent and adaptation to environments results in diversity.

Lamarck was the first scientist to accept the theory of evolution. He proposed that complex organisms derived from less complex ones and believed in the inheritance of acquired characteristics.

<p>Vestigial structures are organs or genes that have no function. They show descent from a common ancestor because they were once useful but now lack function due to evolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intentional breeding of animals with desired traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No mutations, no gene flow, random mating, no genetic drift, no selection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Darwin did not consider molecular evidence due to the lack of technology to analyze differences in amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural selection is the survival of the fittest, a process that allows the best-adapted animals to an environment to survive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biochemical evidence to compare the amino acid sequences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biogeography is the study of the range and geographic distribution of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transitional forms are fossils that link an ancestor with its descendants, such as Archaeopteryx, which is a link between dinosaurs and birds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cuvier was a 19th-century zoologist who founded paleontology. He believed in catastrophism, suggesting new fossils indicated a catastrophic event followed by new species repopulating an area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directional selection occurs when an extreme phenotype is favored and the curve shifts in that direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stabilizing selection favors intermediate phenotypes over extreme ones, resulting in a graph that is pinched toward the middle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disruptive selection favors two or more extreme phenotypes over intermediates, resulting in a population where extremes are more common.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A gene pool is all the genes, including all the different alleles for each gene, present in a population at any one time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic drift refers to the drift of allele frequencies away from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gene flow is the introduction of new alleles into a population, usually due to non-isolation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The founder effect occurs when the founder of an isolated population possesses a gene that becomes more common in that population due to isolation and inbreeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microevolution refers to evolutionary changes within a population that occur in violation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Speciation is the creation of a new species due to an inability to reproduce, which is classified as reproductive isolation.</p> Signup and view all the answers