A&P 1 Quiz 9 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which of the following surrounds the individual muscle cell?

Endomysium (correct)

Perimysium

Fascia

Epimysium

What is the primary function of wave summation?

Produce smooth, continuous muscle contraction

During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites?

Actin filaments

Which muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate?

Smooth Signup and view all the answers

What part of the sarcolemma contains acetylcholine receptors?

Motor end plate Signup and view all the answers

What is the most distinguishing characteristic of muscle tissue?

The ability to transform chemical energy to mechanical energy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a connective tissue sheath that wraps individual muscle fibers?

Aponeurosis Signup and view all the answers

The major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction is to ________.

Regulate intracellular calcium concentration Signup and view all the answers

Muscle tone is ___.

A state of sustained partial contraction Signup and view all the answers

Muscle tension remains relatively constant during isotonic contraction.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?

Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on the actin molecules Signup and view all the answers

Cardiac muscle fibers depend mostly on anaerobic cellular respiration to generate ATP.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does excess postexercise oxygen consumption represent?

The difference between the amount of oxygen needed for totally aerobic muscle activity and the amount actually used Signup and view all the answers

Myoglobin ___.

Stores oxygen in muscle cells Signup and view all the answers

The giant protein titin maintains the organization of the ________ assisting in muscle stretching.

A band Signup and view all the answers

The sliding filament model of contraction involves ___.

Actin and myosin sliding past each other and partially overlapping Signup and view all the answers

Fatigued muscle cells that recover rapidly are the products of ________.

Intense exercise of short duration Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional role of the T tubules?

Enhance cellular communication during muscle contraction Signup and view all the answers

The contractile unit of skeletal muscles are ___.

Myofibrils Signup and view all the answers

Muscle tissue has all of the following properties except ________.

Secretion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the cells of unitary smooth muscle?

They exhibit spontaneous action potentials Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would be recruited later in muscle stimulation when contractile strength increases?

Motor units with larger, less excitable neurons Signup and view all the answers

After nervous stimulation stops, what prevents ACh in the synaptic cleft from continuing to stimulate contraction?

Acetylcholinesterase destroying the ACh Signup and view all the answers

Most skeletal muscles contain ___.

A mixture of fiber types Signup and view all the answers

The oxygen-binding protein found in muscle cells is ___.

Myoglobin Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Muscle Cell Structure and Function

Endomysium surrounds individual muscle cells, providing support and protecting them.
The primary function of wave summation is to produce smooth and continuous muscle contractions.

Muscle Contraction Mechanics

Myosin cross bridges attach to active sites on actin filaments during muscle contraction.
The sarcoplasmic reticulum regulates intracellular calcium concentration, essential for muscle contraction.

Muscle Regeneration and Types

Smooth muscle cells have the greatest ability to regenerate compared to other muscle types.
Cardiac muscle fibers primarily use aerobic respiration for ATP generation, contradicting beliefs of anaerobic dependence.

Muscle Tissue Characteristics

The defining characteristic of muscle tissue is its ability to convert chemical energy into mechanical energy.
Muscle tone represents a state of sustained partial contraction, necessary for posture and readiness for activity.

Muscle Communication and Organization

The T tubules enhance cellular communication during muscle contraction, ensuring rapid signal transmission.
Titin, a giant protein, helps maintain the organization of the A band and contributes to muscle elasticity.

Factors Affecting Muscle Contraction

Muscle tension remains relatively constant during isotonic contraction, allowing movement while maintaining load.
Tropomyosin inhibits contraction by blocking myosin binding sites on actin molecules, regulating muscle activity.

Oxygen and Energy in Muscles

Myoglobin stores oxygen in muscle cells, facilitating aerobic respiration and energy production.
Excess postexercise oxygen consumption reflects the oxygen needed for recovery above what was consumed during activity.

Muscle Fiber Types and Recruitment

Most skeletal muscles comprise a mixture of fiber types, catering to different functional requirements.
Larger, less excitable motor units are recruited later during increasing muscle stimulation for enhanced contractile strength.

Neurotransmitter Regulation

Acetylcholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine (ACh) in the synaptic cleft, preventing ongoing stimulation of muscle contraction after nervous stimulation stops.

Muscle Cells and Fatigue

Fatigued muscle cells that recover rapidly result from intense, short-duration exercise, highlighting the impact of exercise duration on muscle performance.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1. This quiz covers key concepts related to muscle cells, contractions, and specific terms like endomysium and wave summation. Perfect for reviewing before your next exam!