A&P 1 Lab Practical 1 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'axial' refer to?

Relating to the heart
Relating to the head, neck, and trunk (correct)
Relating to limbs
Relating to the feet

What does the term 'appendicular' refer to?

Relating to the head
Relating to the limbs (correct)
Relating to the skin
Relating to the torso

What does 'cephalic' mean?

head

What does 'frontal' refer to?

forehead Signup and view all the answers

What does 'orbital' refer to?

eyes Signup and view all the answers

What does 'nasal' refer to?

nose Signup and view all the answers

What does 'oral' refer to?

mouth Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mental' refer to?

chin Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cervical' refer to?

neck Signup and view all the answers

What does 'thoracic' refer to?

chest Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sterna' refer to?

breastbone region Signup and view all the answers

What does 'axillary' refer to?

armpit Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mammary' refer to?

breast Signup and view all the answers

What does 'abdominal' refer to?

anterior body trunk region inferior to the ribs Signup and view all the answers

What does 'umbilical' refer to?

navel Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pelvic' refer to?

pelvis region Signup and view all the answers

What does 'inguinal' refer to?

groin Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pubic' refer to?

genital region Signup and view all the answers

What does 'acromial' refer to?

point of the shoulder Signup and view all the answers

What does 'brachial' refer to?

arm Signup and view all the answers

What does 'antecubital' refer to?

anterior surface of the elbow Signup and view all the answers

What does 'olecranal' refer to?

posterior aspect of the elbow Signup and view all the answers

What does 'antebrachial' refer to?

forearm Signup and view all the answers

What does 'carpal' refer to?

wrist Signup and view all the answers

What does 'manus' refer to?

hand Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pollex' refer to?

thumb Signup and view all the answers

What does 'metacarpal' refer to?

any bone in the hand between the wrist and fingers Signup and view all the answers

What does 'palmar' refer to?

palm Signup and view all the answers

What does 'digital (upper limb)' refer to?

fingers Signup and view all the answers

What does 'coxal' refer to?

hip Signup and view all the answers

What does 'femoral' refer to?

thigh Signup and view all the answers

What does 'patellar' refer to?

kneecap Signup and view all the answers

What does 'popliteal' refer to?

back of the knee Signup and view all the answers

What does 'crural' refer to?

leg (shin) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sural' refer to?

back of the leg (calf) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'fibular (peroneal)' refer to?

side of the leg Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pedal' refer to?

foot Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tarsal' refer to?

ankle Signup and view all the answers

What does 'calcaneal' refer to?

heel of the foot Signup and view all the answers

What does 'metatarsal' refer to?

any bone in the foot between the ankle and the toes Signup and view all the answers

What does 'digital (lower limb)' refer to?

toes Signup and view all the answers

What does 'plantar' refer to?

sole of the foot Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hallux' refer to?

big toe Signup and view all the answers

What does 'otic' refer to?

ear Signup and view all the answers

What does 'occipital' refer to?

back of the head or base of the skull Signup and view all the answers

What does 'scapular' refer to?

shoulder blade area Signup and view all the answers

What does 'vertebral' refer to?

spinal column Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lumbar' refer to?

area of the back between the ribs and the hips, the loin Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sacral' refer to?

area between the hips Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gluteal' refer to?

buttocks Signup and view all the answers

What does 'perineal' refer to?

area between the anus and external genitalia Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dorsum' refer to?

back Signup and view all the answers

What does 'buccal' refer to?

cheek Signup and view all the answers

What does 'superior' mean?

above Signup and view all the answers

What does 'inferior' mean?

below Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cranial' refer to?

toward the head Signup and view all the answers

What does 'caudal' refer to?

toward the tail Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ventral' mean?

belly side Signup and view all the answers

What does 'anterior' mean?

front Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dorsal' mean?

backside Signup and view all the answers

What does 'posterior' mean?

back Signup and view all the answers

What does 'medial' mean?

toward the midline Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lateral' mean?

away from the midline Signup and view all the answers

What does 'intermediate' mean?

between a more medial and a more lateral structure Signup and view all the answers

What does 'proximal' mean?

nearer the trunk or attached end Signup and view all the answers

What does 'distal' mean?

farther from the trunk or point of attachment Signup and view all the answers

What does 'superficial (external)' mean?

toward or at the body surface Signup and view all the answers

What does 'deep (internal)' mean?

away from the body surface Signup and view all the answers

What is the sagittal plane?

a plane that runs longitudinally and divides the body into left and right parts Signup and view all the answers

What is the mid-sagittal plane?

a longitudinal plane that runs down the midline and divides the body into equal left and right parts Signup and view all the answers

What is the frontal (coronal) plane?

a longitudinal plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts Signup and view all the answers

What is the transverse (horizontal) plane?

divides the body into superior and inferior parts Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of the steps of mitosis?

Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Epigastric Region' refer to?

One of the 9 regions of the abdomen - #2 in pic Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Hypochondriac Region' refer to?

One of the 9 regions of the abdomen - #1 and #3 in pic (right & left, respectively) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Hypogastric Region' refer to?

One of the 9 regions of the abdomen - #8 in pic Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Inguinal or iliac Region' refer to?

One of the 9 regions of the abdomen #7 and #9 in pic (right & left, respectively) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Lumbar Region' refer to?

One of 9 regions of the abdomen #4 and #6 in pic (right and left, respectively) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Frontal or Coronal Plane' refer to?

divides into anterior or posterior parts Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Oblique' refer to?

Diagonal cut Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Left Lower Quadrant' refer to?

One of 4 abdominal quadrants - #4 in pic Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Right Lower Quadrant' refer to?

One of 4 abdominal quadrants - #3 in pic Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Left Upper Quadrant' refer to?

One of 4 abdominal quadrants - #2 in pic Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Right Upper Quadrant' refer to?

One of 4 abdominal quadrants - #1 in pic Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Umbilical Region' refer to?

One of the 9 regions of the abdomen - #5 in pic Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Anatomical Terms and Regions

Axial: Refers to the head, neck, and trunk, forming the body's primary axis.
Appendicular: Pertains to the limbs and their connection to the axial skeleton.
Cephalic: Relates to the head.
Cervical: Indicates the neck region.
Thoracic: Refers to the chest area, encompassing the rib cage.
Abdominal: Describes the trunk region below the ribs.
Pelvic: Identifies the region of the pelvis.
Inguinal: Refers to the groin area.
Pubic: Indicates the genital region.

Body Regions and Terminology

Acromial: The point of the shoulder.
Brachial: Pertains to the arm.
Femoral: Relates to the thigh.
Patellar: Refers to the kneecap.
Popliteal: The area at the back of the knee.
Crural: Indicates the leg or shin.
Pedal: Refers to the foot.
Digital (upper limb): Indicates the fingers.
Digital (lower limb): Indicates the toes.

Directional Terms

Superior: Located above another structure.
Inferior: Positioned below another structure.
Cranial: Moving towards the head.
Caudal: Moving towards the tail.
Anterior: Refers to the front of the body.
Posterior: Refers to the back of the body.
Medial: Toward the midline of the body.
Lateral: Away from the midline.
Proximal: Closer to the trunk or point of attachment.
Distal: Farther from the trunk or point of attachment.

Body Planes

Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into left and right sections.
Mid-sagittal Plane: Divides the body evenly into left and right halves.
Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.
Transverse (Horizontal) Plane: Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) sections.
Oblique Plane: A diagonal cut through the body.

Abdominal Regions and Quadrants

Epigastric Region: Upper central abdomen; region #2.
Hypochondriac Regions: Lateral regions of the upper abdomen; regions #1 and #3.
Hypogastric Region: Lower central abdomen; region #8.
Lumbar Regions: Lateral regions of the middle abdomen; regions #4 and #6.
Inguinal (Iliac) Regions: Lower lateral regions; regions #7 and #9.
Umbilical Region: Central region; region #5.
Left Lower Quadrant: A region of the lower left abdomen; quadrant #4.
Right Lower Quadrant: A region of the lower right abdomen; quadrant #3.
Left Upper Quadrant: A region of the upper left abdomen; quadrant #2.
Right Upper Quadrant: A region of the upper right abdomen; quadrant #1.

Mitosis Stages

Interphase: The phase where the cell prepares for division.
Prophase: Chromosomes become visible; nuclear envelope breaks down.
Metaphase: Chromosomes line up at the equatorial plane.
Anaphase: Chromosomes are pulled toward opposite poles.
Telophase: Nuclear membranes reform; chromosomes begin to decondense.

Microscopy Terminology

Condenser: Focuses light onto the specimen.
Coarse Adjustment Knob: Used for initial focusing of the microscope.
Fine Adjustment Knob: Allows for precise focusing after coarse adjustment.
Head: Part of the microscope that houses the ocular lens.

These notes provide a comprehensive overview of the relevant anatomical terms, body planes, and stages of mitosis crucial for A&P practical studies.

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