Podcast
Questions and Answers
A patient reports experiencing sudden episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, dizziness, and shortness of breath. The attacks seem to occur out of the blue. Which type of panic attack is the patient MOST likely experiencing?
A patient reports experiencing sudden episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, dizziness, and shortness of breath. The attacks seem to occur out of the blue. Which type of panic attack is the patient MOST likely experiencing?
- Unexpected panic attack (correct)
- Situationally bound panic attack
- Expected panic attack
- Situationally predisposed panic attack
A person with OCD experiences intrusive thoughts about contamination and engages in excessive hand washing to alleviate their anxiety. What crucial role do these compulsions play in maintaining the disorder?
A person with OCD experiences intrusive thoughts about contamination and engages in excessive hand washing to alleviate their anxiety. What crucial role do these compulsions play in maintaining the disorder?
- Compulsions provide temporary relief from anxiety, reinforcing the cycle of obsessions and compulsions. (correct)
- Compulsions directly reduce the frequency of intrusive thoughts over time.
- Compulsions are a conscious choice made by the person to feel normal.
- Compulsions help the individual gain a sense of control over their environment and prevent future obsessions.
A client describes feeling persistently worried and anxious about various aspects of their life, including work, health, and family. They find it difficult to control their worry, and it's been affecting their sleep and concentration. Which disorder is MOST consistent with these symptoms?
A client describes feeling persistently worried and anxious about various aspects of their life, including work, health, and family. They find it difficult to control their worry, and it's been affecting their sleep and concentration. Which disorder is MOST consistent with these symptoms?
- Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Social anxiety disorder
- Panic disorder
- Generalized anxiety disorder (correct)
An individual involved in a serious car accident experiences persistent nightmares, flashbacks, and intense anxiety when reminded of the event. They also report feeling detached from others and have difficulty experiencing positive emotions. What condition is the individual MOST likely experiencing?
An individual involved in a serious car accident experiences persistent nightmares, flashbacks, and intense anxiety when reminded of the event. They also report feeling detached from others and have difficulty experiencing positive emotions. What condition is the individual MOST likely experiencing?
A patient consistently interprets minor bodily sensations as signs of serious illness, leading to significant anxiety and frequent medical consultations, despite consistent reassurance from doctors. They do not have significant somatic symptoms. Which disorder BEST fits this description?
A patient consistently interprets minor bodily sensations as signs of serious illness, leading to significant anxiety and frequent medical consultations, despite consistent reassurance from doctors. They do not have significant somatic symptoms. Which disorder BEST fits this description?
An individual who has been diagnosed with Bipolar II disorder experiences depressive episodes alternating with periods of increased energy, creativity, and productivity. What are these elevated mood periods called in Bipolar II?
An individual who has been diagnosed with Bipolar II disorder experiences depressive episodes alternating with periods of increased energy, creativity, and productivity. What are these elevated mood periods called in Bipolar II?
A therapist is treating a patient with OCD using exposure and response prevention (ERP). Which of the following BEST describes the core principle of this treatment?
A therapist is treating a patient with OCD using exposure and response prevention (ERP). Which of the following BEST describes the core principle of this treatment?
A researcher is studying the relationship between genes and environment in the development of depression. They find that individuals with a genetic predisposition for depression are also more likely to experience stressful life events, which then triggers depressive episodes. What is this phenomenon called?
A researcher is studying the relationship between genes and environment in the development of depression. They find that individuals with a genetic predisposition for depression are also more likely to experience stressful life events, which then triggers depressive episodes. What is this phenomenon called?
Flashcards
Avoidance
Avoidance
Behavior aimed at preventing anxiety, often reinforcing the anxiety it's meant to reduce.
Anxiety
Anxiety
A state characterized by physical tension, apprehension, and worry.
Unexpected Panic Attack
Unexpected Panic Attack
Unpredictable anxiety surges that aren't caused by present external stressors.
Phobia
Phobia
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
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Thought-Action Fusion
Thought-Action Fusion
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Mania
Mania
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Reciprocal Gene-Environment Model
Reciprocal Gene-Environment Model
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Study Notes
- Understand the basic principles of specific disorders.
- Understand the specific symptoms under each diagnostic label.
- Be familiar with the various theories on causes of disorders.
- Be familiar with the various treatment methods used for disorders.
- Exam format will be the same as the first exam.
Key Concepts
- Know the concept of avoidance as presented in the slides and article.
- Understand what characterizes the mood state known as anxiety.
- Identify what contributes to a person's vulnerability to anxiety.
- Grasp the role of worry in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).
- Understand GAD symptoms and treatments, both medicinal and other approaches.
- Differentiate between the different types of panic attacks (expected/unexpected).
- Describe the physical symptoms of a panic attack and how they become a focal point, particularly for those with frequent panic attacks.
- Explain how panic attacks relate to phobias.
- Understand the different types of phobias.
- Understand the symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
- Differentiate rituals from compulsions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and their role in maintaining the disorder.
- Understand the concept of thought/action fusion with OCD.
- Understand what exposure and response prevention is.
- Know the different somatoform disorders and their symptoms.
- Differentiate between somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder.
- Understand dissociative amnesia and fugue.
- Explain dissociative identity disorder, its suspected causes, and the concept of "alters."
- Recognize the role of emotions in mood disorders, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, double depression, Bipolar I and II, and cyclothymic disorder.
- Define mania, hypomania, and flight of ideas, and medicinal treatment for bipolar disorder.
- Understand "recurrent" versus single episodes in depression.
- Define integrated and complicated grief.
- Understand the reciprocal gene environment model.
- Differentiate between internal, external, and global attributional styles in depression.
- Explain Seligman's learned helplessness model and Beck's depressive cognitive triad.
- Recognize different cognitive errors.
- Explain how biology, culture, and cognitions affect depression.
- Know which drug is recommended for Bipolar disorder.
- Describe the three rating levels added to DSM-V to describe symptom severity.
- Differentiate substance use, intoxication, abuse, and dependence.
- Define tolerance and withdrawal.
- Know the major categories of substances covered in class.
Application
- Define avoidance and its role in the prognosis for anxiety disorder, phobia, OCD, or PTSD.
- Explain Beck's cognitive theory of depression and the depressive cognitive triad.
- Give examples of different types of cognitive errors.
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Description
Explore anxiety disorders: symptoms, causes, and treatments. Understand anxiety's mood state and vulnerability factors. Learn about Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), panic attacks, and phobias, including their symptoms and treatments. Focus on avoidance and panic attack types.
