Anxiety Disorders: Etiology

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can contribute to the development of anxiety disorders?

  • Psychological factors
  • Biological factors
  • Social factors
  • Economic factors (correct)

Which neurotransmitter is typically associated with decreased activity in individuals with anxiety disorders?

  • Norepinephrine (NE)
  • Serotonin (5-HT) (correct)
  • Dopamine
  • Histamine

Increased activity of which neurotransmitter is related to anxiety disorders?

  • Dopamine
  • Norepinephrine (correct)
  • GABA
  • Serotonin

Which of the following is a medical condition that can be associated with anxiety symptoms?

<p>Hyperthyroidism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances, when excessively ingested, can potentially cause anxiety?

<p>Caffeine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do both anxiety and fear serve as?

<p>An alerting signal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anxiety and fear enable a person to do what?

<p>Take measures to deal with a threat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reduced activity of which neurotransmitter is associated with anxiety disorders?

<p>GABA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can biological factors influence in the context of anxiety disorders?

<p>Development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What version of the serotonin transporter gene is possibly linked to anxiety?

<p>Shorter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Etiology of Anxiety Disorders

Biological, psychological and social factors that contribute to the development of anxiety disorders.

Neurotransmitters involved in anxiety

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), Serotonin (5-HT), and Norepinephrine (NE).

Genetics and Anxiety

Monzygotic twins with a shorter version of the serotonin transporter gene at a rate of 90%.

Medical conditions linked to anxiety

Hyperthyroidism, hypoglycemia, and excessive caffeine intake.

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Anxiety and fear

Both alerts of danger or significant threat.

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Study Notes

Etiology of Anxiety Disorders

  • Biologic, psychological, and social factors contribute to the development of anxiety disorders.
  • Neurotransmitters involved include:
    • Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA; decreased activity)
    • Serotonin (5-HT; decreased activity)
    • Norepinephrine (NE; increased activity)
  • Genetics: Monozygotic twins have a shorter version of the serotonin transporter gene (90%).
  • Several medical conditions with anxiety symptoms include hyperthyroidism and hypoglycemia
  • Substances such as excessive intake of caffeine can cause anxiety.

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