Anxiety and OCD Disorders Overview

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What can chronic social isolation in children potentially lead to?

Enhanced social skills

Increased physical activity

Higher self-esteem

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (correct)

What characterizes mild anxiety?

Feelings of discomfort and restlessness (correct)

A loss of touch with reality

Requires immediate intervention for safety

Learning cannot occur

Which statement is a priority nursing intervention during a panic attack?

Encourage the patient to face their fears directly.

Allow the patient to leave the area until they feel better.

Calmly talk about things in the environment using simple statements. (correct)

Use complex vocabulary to explain the situation.

Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a patient with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

Anxiety related to persistent thoughts about cleanliness Signup and view all the answers

Which symptoms are associated with moderate anxiety?

Increased HR and RR, GI upset Signup and view all the answers

At what anxiety level does problem solving become impossible?

Severe Signup and view all the answers

What is a maladaptive coping strategy commonly observed in individuals with personality disorders?

Rationalization Signup and view all the answers

What is a key intervention for a patient experiencing panic-level anxiety?

Ensure patient safety and lower anxiety first Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse prioritize when caring for a patient with schizotypal personality disorder?

Respecting their need for isolation Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is essential when working with patients who have Borderline Personality Disorder?

Building a therapeutic relationship based on trust Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a symptom of severe anxiety?

Headaches, nausea, and insomnia Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during mild anxiety that is beneficial?

Information processing increases Signup and view all the answers

In managing a patient with suicidal ideation who has schizotypal personality disorder, what should a nurse ensure?

Assess symptoms that may require intervention. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common trigger for individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder during treatment?

Fear of abandonment associated with progress Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about panic anxiety is true?

The patient may feel a sense of impending doom. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential symptom of moderate anxiety?

Racing heart and trembling Signup and view all the answers

Which statement describes body dysmorphia?

Patients exaggerate a real defect or focus on an imagined defect. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Compulsions provide only temporary relief from anxiety. Signup and view all the answers

Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by which of the following?

Excessive worry about various aspects of life. Signup and view all the answers

What behaviors might indicate social anxiety?

Avoiding public speaking or eating in front of others. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common comorbidity with OCD?

Substance use disorder. Signup and view all the answers

What type of childhood experience is linked to an increased risk for developing OCD?

Experiencing physical and sexual abuse. Signup and view all the answers

In generalized anxiety disorder, what is a common behavior exhibited by individuals?

Overly preparing or avoiding certain situations. Signup and view all the answers

How do body dysmorphia and eating disorders differ?

Eating disorders are concerned with weight overall, not specific body parts. Signup and view all the answers

What type of intervention involves accommodations in a general classroom setting for children with ADHD?

504 Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with Anorexia Nervosa?

Hyperactivity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following requires more documentation and decision making from the school?

IEP Signup and view all the answers

What might be a physical manifestation of Anorexia Nervosa?

Cold extremities Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Extremely sensitive to rejection Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the assessment of Anorexia Nervosa is true?

Lanugo is a common physical finding. Signup and view all the answers

What is classified as a compensatory behavior in patients with Anorexia Nervosa?

Forcing oneself to vomit Signup and view all the answers

What describes an individual with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?

Preoccupation with orderliness and perfectionism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Borderline Personality Disorder?

Stable self-image Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary fear experienced by individuals with Anorexia Nervosa?

Fear of gaining weight Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining trait of Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

Severe social deficits Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Anorexia Nervosa?

Normal appetite Signup and view all the answers

How are obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder different?

OCPD focuses on orderliness and perfectionism whereas OCD involves unwanted thoughts Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is associated with Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

Exaggerated sense of self-importance Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence if the support system fails for someone with Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Development of acute anxiety and anger Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically true for individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder?

They are highly tolerant of mistakes Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of individuals with narcissistic traits?

Lack of empathy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a priority nursing diagnosis for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder?

Impaired relationships Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Risperdal in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder?

Treat autism-associated agitations Signup and view all the answers

What is the assessment level for an individual who requires substantial support and has limited social interactions?

ASD Level 2 Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is classified as a stimulant for treating Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder?

Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common diagnostic test used for autism spectrum disorder?

Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically used as a medication for ADHD?

Citalopram (Celexa) Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing diagnosis is associated with risk for impaired socialization in children with autism spectrum disorder?

Impaired communication Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anxiety and Obsessive Compulsive Disorders

Mild Anxiety: Normal daily anxiety levels, beneficial for learning, feelings of discomfort, restlessness, irritability, tension-relieving behaviors.
Moderate Anxiety: Perceptual narrowing, decreased attention to detail, decreased information processing, still possible to learn but not as optimal. Increased heart rate/respiration, GI upset, headache, voice quivering, body part shaking.
Severe Anxiety: Extreme reduction of perceptual field with scattered focus, patient struggles to ground themselves, learning and problem solving are impossible. Headache, nausea, insomnia, sense of impending doom, potential agitation/increased irritability.

Panic

Panic: Most extreme level of anxiety, unable to process the environment, loss of touch with reality, potential hallucinations, erratic movements, feeling like one is dying, exhaustion, no learning and problem-solving possible. Safety is needed.

Body Dysmorphia: Patients have normal appearance but may focus on an imagined or exaggerated real defect, compulsive mirror checking, camouflage, overwhelming shame/disgust, increased risk of suicide.
OCD: Obsessive thoughts that are upsetting/disturbing, cannot be dismissed from the mind causing anxiety. Ritualistic behaviors in response to anxiety, temporary relief, physical or sexual abuse in childhood are risk factors, comorbidity with other anxiety disorders.
Generalized Anxiety: Excessive worry about many things, worry is inappropriate for the situation.

Nursing Interventions

Panic attacks: Stay safe, calmly talk about the environment, help the patient sit down.
Nursing diagnosis for OCD: Anxiety related to thoughts of bacteria, germs, evidence by compulsive cleaning.
Maladaptive coping strategies: recognize and evaluate strategies, rationalization/justifying illogical actions, reaction formation, avoidance.
Schizophrenia/Schizotypal: Distinguish between the two disorders, schizophrenic are unaware of misinterpretations, schizotypal can be made aware. Nursing care should include respecting the need for isolation.
Borderline Personality Disorder: Therapeutic relationship, building trust, clear boundaries, consistent limits.
Dialectical Behavior Therapy: Mindfulness, deep breathing, relaxation, distress tolerance, building coping strategies.
Avoidant Personality Disorder: Extremely sensitive to rejection, feel inadequate, socially inhibited, avoid interpersonal interactions, preoccupied with failure and humiliation, shy/low self-esteem.
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder: Limited emotional expression, stubborn, perfectionistic, precoccupation, rigid inflexibility, higher risk depression/suicide.
Schizotypal: Odd beliefs, strange speech, inappropriate affect, severe social deficits, and extreme anxiety/suspiciousness.
Avoidant/Borderline/Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Differentiate between traits, common characteristics including sensitivity to rejection, humiliation and feelings of inferiority, social anxiety.

Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Psychopharmacology - medications, therapies, evaluation levels based on support needed, common symptoms (communication, social).
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Understand appropriate interventions for improving relationships with others.

Eating Disorders

Anorexia: Intense fear of gaining weight, intense fear of gaining weight, purging behaviors, people experience differences in taste, appetite, and satiety.
Bulimia: Repeated episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors (purging), recurrent episodes of binge eating, marked distress associated with these episodes, compensatory behaviors regularly occur (purging).

Impulse Control Disorders

Pyromania: Deliberate fire-setting, difficulty with communication, and other issues.
Kleptomania: Urges to steal but not for personal use, not done for money or materialistic reasoning.

Cognitive Disorders

Delirium: Disturbance in attention/awareness and disturbance that develops over a short period of time. Risk for injury is highest priority intervention.
Dementia: Difficulty with reorientation, validating feelings and experiences, avoid arguing, keep safety priority as there is an increased risk.
Depression: Low moods are symptoms that may indicate depression, complete the Geriatric Depression Scale, safety is the priority intervention.

Suicidal Ideation

Risk assessment: Loss of loved/significant ones, economic issues, and disturbed thought process are signs.
Suicide prevention: Advance directives are legally binding and used when a patient is unable to communicate their needs.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the various levels of anxiety from mild to panic, alongside implications of obsessive-compulsive disorders. This quiz will help you understand how anxiety affects perception, learning, and behavior. Gain insights into symptoms and coping strategies associated with different anxiety levels.