Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characterizes first-generation antipsychotic drugs?
What characterizes first-generation antipsychotic drugs?
- They are not effective at blocking dopamine D2 receptors.
- They have a lower risk of metabolic side effects.
- They are competitive inhibitors at various receptors. (correct)
- They are primarily serotonin blockers.
What is a notable difference between first-generation and second-generation antipsychotic drugs?
What is a notable difference between first-generation and second-generation antipsychotic drugs?
- First-generation drugs are more effective for all patients.
- Second-generation drugs have fewer extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). (correct)
- First-generation drugs are exclusively used in refractory cases.
- Second-generation drugs have a lower affinity for dopamine receptors.
What serious side effect is associated with clozapine?
What serious side effect is associated with clozapine?
- Increased risk of EPS.
- Improved metabolic profile.
- Bone marrow suppression. (correct)
- Less effective compared to other antipsychotics.
Which statement about second-generation antipsychotic drugs is true?
Which statement about second-generation antipsychotic drugs is true?
What aspect of first-generation antipsychotic drugs primarily influences their adverse effect profile?
What aspect of first-generation antipsychotic drugs primarily influences their adverse effect profile?
Flashcards
First-generation antipsychotics
First-generation antipsychotics
First-generation antipsychotics, also known as typical or conventional antipsychotics, block dopamine D2 receptors, leading to reduced psychotic symptoms.
Second-generation antipsychotics
Second-generation antipsychotics
Second-generation antipsychotics, also called atypical antipsychotics, have a lower risk of movement problems (EPS) compared to the first generation, but a higher risk of metabolic problems like weight gain and diabetes. They block both serotonin and dopamine receptors.
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are a type of side effect of antipsychotic medications, causing movement problems like muscle stiffness, tremor, and restlessness. They are more common with first-generation antipsychotics.
Agranulocytosis
Agranulocytosis
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Clozapine
Clozapine
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Study Notes
Antipsychotic Drugs
- Antipsychotic drugs are categorized into first- and second-generation agents.
- First-generation drugs are further classified as "low-potency" or "high-potency" based on their affinity for the dopamine D2 receptor, not clinical effectiveness.
- First-generation antipsychotics are competitive inhibitors at various receptors, but their antipsychotic action is linked to blocking D2 dopamine receptors.
First-Generation Antipsychotics
- Also called conventional, typical, or traditional antipsychotics.
- Exhibit competitive inhibition at various receptors.
- Antipsychotic effects result from blocking dopamine D2 receptors.
Second-Generation Antipsychotics
- Also known as atypical antipsychotics.
- Associated with fewer extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) compared to first-generation drugs.
- Have a higher risk of metabolic side effects, including diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and weight gain.
- Appear to act by blocking both serotonin and dopamine receptors (and possibly others).
- Clozapine is an effective antipsychotic with minimal EPS risk.
- Use is limited to refractory patients due to serious side effects, such as bone marrow suppression, seizures, and cardiovascular issues.
- Clozapine necessitates frequent white blood cell count monitoring due to the risk of severe agranulocytosis.
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